What happened in Garfield in 1926

This is a look at what happened in Garfield and surrounds 100 years ago in 1926.   I write this every year for the Garfield Spectator. I also do a similar one for the Blackfish, the Koo Wee Rup township newsletter, you can read that here.

January - A bushfire, caused by campers who were 'smoking out' rabbits, had started in the area on December 31, 1925, but was under control three days later. The Herald had this comprehensive report on the fire -
Bush Fire Dies. Breaks and Rain Defeat It
The dangers of the fire between Tynong and Garfield, has passed. The townships of Tynong and Garfield have been saved by the fire breaks cut in the scrub, and by the rain that fell on Sunday and early this morning. Mrs W. Johnson's home was twice threatened on Saturday, but after 30 hours' continuous work cutting firebreaks, the fighters turned the flames. But for the work of Mrs Johnson, two girls, and several neighbors, the fire would have reached the outbuildings in which were stored farm implements.

The flames rose 100 feet, and devoured gums and undergrowth. The outbreak, which began in Mr Wilkins' property, swept through Mrs Johnson's, then through dense scrub on to Mr Berry's land. It was checked there, and about 500 tons of firewood ready for trucking were saved. After a strenuous battle near Wallace's Creek, Weatherhead's timber mills were saved. On Berry's Hill a break of one mile long by about 30 chains wide was cut. Early on Sunday morning the fire was travelling towards the old Sale road. Here the property of Mr A.Megas was threatened. He worked all through Saturday night, clearing a break.

Fires were burning in many places at the same time, and men were rushed from one front to another when things began to get serious. Some of the fighters had been on the scene for 48hours, and many were suffering from slight burns. About 450 acres of grass have been destroyed, with firewood and fencing. The total damage will amount to about £1000. The chief sufferers are Messrs. H. Wilkins (50 tons of firewood and fencing), W. Johnson (grass and fencing), C. Sinclair and W. Berry (grass and fencing). Several other farmers have lost firewood and fencing. (The Herald, January 4, 1926, see here)

A sawmill belonging to the Weatherheads at Tynong North, 1920s.

January - About seventy children were confirmed at Iona recently by his Lordship, the Bishop  of Sandhurst, the Right Reverend Dr McCarthy. The girls are pictured below. (The Advocate, January 7, 1926, see here)

The Girls who were confirmed. The clergy standing in the back row are the Revs. T. O'Callaghan, P.P., Rev. J. Egan (Dalyston), Rev. L. Hartnett (lona), and the Rev. F. Merner, Dandenong. The sponsor for the girls, Mrs. Field, is seen standing to the right. [Unfortunately, the photo is so dark, we can't actually see Mrs Field]

 The Advocate, January 7, 1926  http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article171417927

January - Also in January was this interesting report from Cora Lynn -

A calf a day for three days is a record established by a cow owned by Mr. A. Wakenshaw at Cora Lynn. The calves were born on 4th, 5th and 6th January respectively, and they are all normal and thriving. The mother is recovering from an attack of milk fever. (The Age, January 14, 1926, see here)

March - In March, there were complaints about the town water supply in Garfield -

Local residents, for many months, have been endeavoring to impress upon the State Rivers and Water Supply Commission the urgency of a town water supply scheme, and have had indifferent replies. At the present time people of the town have to pay 2d per gallon for water for domestic purposes, drawn from the main drain, Iona. This water is contaminated by herds of cattle and scores of bathers. Fortunately it is a swift-running stream, otherwise public health would be menaced. During a season like the present many towns in West Gippsland depend on this source for their water supply.  (The Age, March 3, 1926, see here)  

April - In April, Martin O'Donohue, who built the Garfield Picture Theatre, left the town for Warragul -

Mr. M. O'Donohue, who has conducted the Garfield Hotel for the past five or six years, has purchased the freehold of the Royal Hotel, Warragul. Mr. O'Donohue's departure from Garfield parish and community will be a severe loss to the district. Last year he built a commodious picture theatre there, together with several shops and private dwellings. (The Advocate, April 1, 1926, see here) 

Martin O'Donohue's Picture Theatre, which opened in December 1924.

Image: Koo Wee Rup Swamp Historical Society 

April - Also in April the following meeting was held in Garfield -

At a meeting of Bunyip and District Teachers' Union the following elections took place:- President, Mr. Noonan (Longwarry); vice-presidents. Messrs. P. Scouller (Iona), W. Waugh (Garfield); secretary and treasurer, A. Mackay (Bunyip); auditor, I. McAlpine (Bunyip). It was decided to donate £2 2/ to the testimonial to Mr. David Black, ex-president of the Teachers' Union, which is to be given by the latter body for services rendered. Mr. Black raised the members' roll from 700 to over 8000. (The Age, April 1, 1926, see here).  

June - In June, it was reported that - 

Garfield - The operation of moving a four-roomed weatherboard house six miles, to Tynong, was successfully performed by Mr. D. McLennan, of Fitzroy North. On the way bridges had to be widened, trees lopped, telegraph wires lifted. As the house was blocking a narrow road on Saturday night it had to be jacked up high enough to allow traffic to pass underneath. (The Age, June 25, 1926, see here) 

June - Also in  June the following statistics were published in regards to potato loadings at local railway stations -

It was estimated that the potato crop in the Koo-wee-rup area would reach £500,000, and by the record of truckings on railway this is not far short. The output of 29,403 tons from the nine stations was distributed as follow: - Koo-wee-rup, 6,952 tons; Garfield, 6,451; Bayles, 5,591; Dalmore, 3,346; Tynong, 2,580; Bunyip, 2,057; Nar-nar-goon, 1,814; Lang Lang, 443; Warragul, 169. At £10 a ton this would realise £294, 030. From December 1, 1925, to April 31, 1926, 498 trucks (6,945 tons) left Garfield, and during April 600 tons. From January 1 to May 30, 1926, 156,929 bags of potatoes left the Koo-wee-rup station. There are still many thousand bags in storage and on farms. The season so far promises to be excellent. (The Argus, June 11, 1926, see here)  

July - These figures, above,  show the importance of the potato industry to this region and in July it was reported that -

The largest meeting of potato growers ever seen at lona assembled on Monday evening to protest against the importation of New Zealand potatoes, the reported introduction of corky scab, and against the abolition of 10-ton railway trucks. Cr. J. Dowd, who was chairman, said that if once the scab got into the district it would never be wiped out. He knew that a sample of imported potatoes had turned black after being boiled. It was strange if New South Wales inspectors were passing such produce as sound. The menace was serious to farmers, and they should be active. Several speakers spoke against the importation of potatoes, especially if diseased, and urged that drastic action be taken at once. The local market was being glutted, and Victorian farmers could not compete against the low prices ruling at Sydney, £10 a ton, while it was reported that new Zealand potatoes were down to £9 10/ in Albury.

A number of motions were moved at the meeting - a recommendation of a  protective duty of £4 a ton be placed on all potatoes entering the Commonwealth; the Agricultural Department take drastic steps to prevent corky scab from entering Victoria and the 10-ton railway truck should not be abolished. The Iona District Potato Growers Association was enthusiastically formed with the aim of State-wide organisation and communicating with all potato districts. (The Age, July 14, 1926, see here)

The 10-ton railway truck, with potatoes, from Garfield to Melbourne

State Library of Victoria image H92.301/93

July - In July, was this unusual legal case with a Garfield connection was reported - 

Not Abduction. Twins Were Taken Back to Aunt's Care

At Alexandra Court this morning charges against two men for alleged abduction were dismissed, as it was proved the girls were over 16 years of age. The defendants were Alfred Vincent and Charles Poylor Marshall. Mr M. Devine, who appeared for the defendants, said it was a pity more care had not been exercised in bringing the men up on such a charge. The girls' aunt had reared them, and they had lived with her until they were 15. The girls, who were twins, wrote and told her that they wanted to go back to her, and made an appointment. They were taken from Thornton straight to their aunt's place near Garfield. The girls' names are Nellie and Millie Taylor, and their parents live at Thornton. (The Herald, July 8, 1926, see here)   

August -  In August there was good news that a missing girl, Olive Bassett, was discovered unharmed - 
It was reported to the police that a girl named Olive Bassett, aged 11 years, was lost in the bush, and search parties scoured the locality for some hours, when a telephone message was received that she had been found at Nar-nar-goon, having walked nine miles from her home at North Garfield. The child was little the worse for her adventure. (The Age, August 6, 1926, see here).

In 1926, there was agitation to have a High School established in the area. The closest High Schools were either Warragul or Dandenong and a more central location was desired. It took another 30 years before there was any progress on this front - Drouin High School opened in 1956, Koo Wee Rup in 1957 and Pakenham  in 1967.  Here are three articles relating to the issue -

August - The following article explains the travel difficulties faced by local children to attend High School -
Garfield - Parents of children attending the Dandenong and Warragul High schools are agitating to have a railway motor bus service established between the intermediate towns for the convenience of pupils attending both schools. The Warragul school has a road service, which terminates at Bunyip, but the children attending the Dandenong school have to depend on a very inconvenient train service, which necessitates leaving home at 6.30 a.m. and returning after 7 p.m. It is understood that the Commissioners are giving the proposal favorable consideration, and that the service will be established during the summer. A public meeting was held at Cora Lynn, which lies in the centre of the Kooweerup Swamp area, to urge upon the Government the necessity of erecting a high school in the district, as children living at any distance from the rail and motor service - such as they are - are debarred from attending either Warragul or Dandenong schools. (The Age, August 26, 1926, see here)  

August - In August, The Argus reported on a local meeting to support the establishment of a High School - 

One of the largest meetings ever held in the district was convened by the Iona women's section of the Farmers' Union, to consider the establishing of a high school for the swamp area. Councillor P. Walsh (Berwick Shire) presided and Mr Wrigley, assistant chief Inspector of secondary schools, was present. Figures were given showing that on this side of the swamp there were 1,400 scholars on the rolls at the various schools and that 140 to 150 would be available for higher education. On the Koo wee rup side there were 450 children attending. Mr Wrigley promised to put the case before the Minister. A strong committee representing 22 school centres was formed to go into the matter with the branches of the women's sections, Councillor McCulloch to represent Cranbourne Shire, and Councillor Dowd Berwick Shire. A motion was agreed to that it was desirable to establish a higher elementary school in a central position in the swamp. (The Argus, August 27, 1926, see here) 

September - A later report suggested that a High School could be built at Cora Lynn or Bayles -  At a meeting of district representatives at Cora Lynn the high school proposal was further considered. Sites at Cora Lynn and Bayles were reviewed, and it was unanimously decided to recommend an area of Crown land at Bayles, which is above flood level and large enough for all requirements. It was resolved to ask the Education department for an early inspection of the site. An active canvass for subscriptions and guarantees from parents is to be undertaken. Mrs. Shreeves was elected president and Mrs. Terrill secretary. (The Age, September 17, 1926, see here) 

September - In September, we had two stories connected to the Railways -
Milk by Rail. Complaint From Garfield.
Replying to a paragraph in "The Age" of Wednesday, 8th September, in which it was stated at Garfield that at certain stations in the Gippsland district cans of milk were being loaded in the vans of passenger and goods trains along with hides, skins, calf carcases, crates of fowls, the Railway Commissioners said that such action was contrary to regulations. Definite instructions had been issued that milk must not be loaded with such goods as fish, rabbits, meat, hides, and the inquiries that had been made into the complaint under notice failed to disclose any disregard of these instructions. The Commissioners added that if a specific instance were given of milk being transported in such a manner they would have immediate inquiries made. (The Age, September 16, 1926, see here)  

September - Garfield was (almost) the location of a  feature film, The Northbound Limited, being shot by a  talented and ambitious 17-year-old, George Palmer. George Frederick Thomas Palmer (1909-1994) founded radio station 3AK in 1931 and bought out radio 7UL in Ulverstone, Tasmania in 1933. George married twice and had four children the youngest being well known politician and business man, Clive Palmer. 
When a goods train was travelling about 30 miles an hour between Garfield and Pakenham on Friday countryside spectators were amazed to see a fight in progress on the tender of the engine, shots being exchanged, and two men in deadly conflict, while from a position on the train a cinematograph operator was busily engaged. One of the final scenes in The North-bound Limited was being filmed by the 17-year-old Australian actor producer George Palmer. The Sydney express was also the venue for some of the film story, including a dash by Palmer's motor car in front of the express travelling at 60 miles per hour. Scenes in Sydney, Melbourne, Ringwood and Powelltown will also be shown in the film, which will be released in a few weeks. (The Age, September 21, 1926, see here)

Advertisement for George Palmer's The Northbound Limited

The St George Call (Kogarah), January 13, 1928  http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232071927

 
September - In September, the folks at Iona got a new telephone exchange -

A new telephone exchange has been established at lona, with a trunk connection with Melbourne, and over 30 subscribers are already paid up. This has done away with the costly service proposed whereby subscribers were to be charged as high as £10 or over to connect with Garfield. This was the proposal of an officer who upset a previous plan of another officer whereby local needs could be met at a reasonable cost. There was not any likelihood of the farmers undertaking such a costly telephone service, so that the department, instead of losing revenue by reason of its non-acceptance, will gain by the new exchange, which has given great local satisfaction. (South Bourke & Mornington Journal, September 23, 1926, see here)

October - In October it was reported that feral Deer are doing considerable damage to orchards in Tonimbuk district. These animals are stripping the trees, and as it is almost impossible to fence them out, farmers are at a loss to cope with them. (The Age, October 27, 1926, see here)

November - In November, we find that it wasn't just milk that was badly handled by the Victorian Railways, it was also  potatoes - 

Railway Delays. Potato Trucks Go Astray.
Garfield - Indignation is expressed by potato growers regarding the Railway department's haphazard methods of handling the new season's consignments. Out of three trucks consigned from this district last week, two were lost on a journey of under 50 miles, and were only discovered after diligent inquiries extending over two days. The trucks had been left at wayside stations between here and Melbourne, with the result that it is doubtful if they will be salable. At the present market rates this means the loss of upwards of £100 to the consignors. At a meeting of the Gippsland Potato Growers' Association the matter was discussed, and the Railway Commissioners and their methods were severely criticised. Mr. J. Dowd, president of the association, was delegated to visit Melbourne and interview the Commissioners.  (The Age, November 29, 1926, see here)  

December - The year started badly with the bush fires and in December ended badly with a severe frost -    

A severe frost. Potato and Maize Crops Ruined.  Monday night's frost was worse than anticipated. With the exception of odd potato crops the whole of the Kooweerup area of 75,000 acres is devastated. Maize crops share the same fate. Growers hoped for rain on Tuesday, to help to recover the tubers, but an east wind and a hot sun completed the destruction. (The Age, December 16, 1926,  see here)

What happened in Garfield in 1925

 This is a look at what happened in Garfield and surrounds 100 years ago in 1925.

January 1925 - the year started with this tragic incident on Saturday, January 10th  

At Garfield North, George Brew, aged 12 years, was fatally shot by his cousin, John Brew, aged 14 years. George Brew was sent on a message to his aunt's house. While there John told him of a Winchester repeating rifle, which belonged to a visitor from Melbourne. John brought the rifle out from the house, and in some unknown way it was discharged. George was shot in the back of the ear. He was hurried to Warragul Hospital, but died soon after admittance. Much sympathy is felt for both families, who are pioneers of the district. 

(The Argus, January 16, 1925, see here) 

The formal findings of the Coroner into this sad event were - Albert George Henry Brew died at Warragul  from a bullet wound in the head, from a pea rifle, and I find that the pea rifle was accidentally discharged whilst in the hands of John Aloysius Brew, no blame being attachable to anyone. (1)

Death notice for young George.

The Argus, January 21, 1925 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2028802

January 1925 - This interesting look at Tynong was written by 12 year-old, Jean Chilcott, to Aunt Connie, the editor of the children's pages in the Weekly Times. 

Dear Aunt Connie -  This is my first letter to you. I will take for my subject Our District. Tynong is 42 miles from Melbourne. Tynong is a very small township. There are two grocers, two butchers, two fruit shops, two blacksmiths, one draper, and one dressmaker's shop, and also one post-office. The school is about a quarter of a mile from the township. Our teacher is Mr Giles. There are about 50 children going to Tynong school. Our school is called the State School. The number is 2854. We are about three-quarters of a mile from the station. I am 12 years old, and in the sixth grade at school. 

(Weekly Times, January 31, 1925, see here)

February 1925 - Apples exported 

Heavy crops of well conditioned apples are being gathered in the Nar-Nar-Goon, Bunyip, and Tynong districts. Prices are satisfactory for apples and pears. Last week 6000 cases were despatched from the Pakenham station, 4000 of which left by the steamer Mooltan on February 17 for the British markets. 

(Weekly Times, February 28, 1925, see here)

Shipment of  40,125 cases of apples from Victoria including Garfield

Weekly Times, February 17, 1923 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223856734

April 1925 - Racing at Garfield and Cora Lynn

Special Train for Garfield - In connection with the Garfield races on Tuesday; a special train will leave Flinders street station at 10 am., leaving on return at 5.10 p.m. Owners and jockeys must obtain coupons, as no refunds will be made. The club has announced that two gold mounted riding whips will be presented - one to the rider of the winner of the 14.2 Pony Race, and one to the most successful jockey at the meeting.

Cora Lynn Weights - Mr. W. Cahill's weights for the Cora Lynn pony races, to be held on Easter Monday, April 13, appear to-day. Owners are notified that they should make early application to the Railways department for horse-boxes, which should be sent to the Tynong railway station. A special train will leave Flinders street at about 9 o'clock, on the morning of the races. 

(The Argus, April 4, 1925, see here)

April 1925 -  Miss Peverill leaves Garfield North School

Miss Peverill, head teacher of Garfield North State school, was farewelled by residents, prior to her departure, and presented with a leather bound writing case, a silver jewel case from the tennis club, and a case of perfume and other gifts, from the scholars. 

(The Age, April 20, 1925, see here) 

Charlotte Elizabeth Peverill had been at the school since September 1921; after Garfield she taught at Tungamah until June 1927, when she resigned from the Education Department. She had to resign as she married William Costigan and married women were not  allowed to continue teaching. In fact it wasn't until the Teaching Service (Married Women) Act of 1956 was passed which made it possible for women teachers to remain on permanent staff when they married. (2)

May 1925 -  A peculiar accident

A lad named Frederick Gross, aged 17 years, of Garfield, met with a peculiar accident which was attended with fatal results, while fishing on Sunday. He tripped and fell while walking through the bush, and his head came in contact with a log. The boy returned home, and after taking several fits he was removed to a private hospital at Bunyip, where he died on Monday. 

(Koo Wee Rup Sun, May 14, 1925, p. 4.)

May 1925 - The Main Drain silts up

Berwick shire council has passed a resolution to close the roads during certain winter months against sand carting, but it is powerless to prevent sand coming into the shire. The main canal is in a fair way to become obliterated with thousands of tons of this material, which is silting up year after year. Already through the Vervale and Cora Lynn districts it has reduced the carrying capacity of the waterway to less than half, and the danger of flooding has increased proportionately. 

(The Age, May 27, 1925, see here)

The Main Drain near Walkers Drain, between Cora Lynn and Iona, in 1939, when siltation was still a problem.

State Rivers & Water Supply Commission photograph

May 1925 -   A Priest farewelled and a Priest welcomed at the Iona Parish

At the Columba Hall, Iona, on Tuesday, 19th inst., the parishioners assembled to say farewell to the Rev. Fr. M. T. Keenan, who was recently transferred to Balaclava, and to welcome his successor, the Rev Fr. O'Callaghan. A well-organised concert by the pupils of Iona and Cora Lynn Convent schools, was greatly appreciated. Two little girls from the Cora Lynn Convent, and two from Iona, presented Fr. Keenan with a set of stainless cutlery and carvers, and a tea-set was presented to Fr. O'Callaghan.... [After various speeches] The shire president, Cr. J. G. Dore, then presented Fr. Keenan with an Australian oak roll top desk, an Australian oak chair, suitably inscribed, an easy chair and down cushion, an American clock with silver plate inscription and a handsome wallet. 

(The Advocate, May 28, 1925, see here)

May 1925 - A lucky escape

For two nights, John Noble, of Garfield North, was pinned beneath a dray which had capsized in going over rough country.  The horse freed itself, but in its exertions kicked Noble in the head. The imprisoned man had to dig himself out with a small stick. The skin was worn off both hands in his efforts to extricate himself. He finally found his way to a neighbor's place in an exhausted condition, and is now recovering from the effects of his trying ordeal. 

(The Sun News-Pictorial, June 1, 1925, see here)

June 1925 - Modella Hall opens

The greatest event of 1925 - the opening of the Modella Hall

Koo Wee Rup Sun, May 7, 1925, p. 1

In the presence of a large assemblage the newly constructed hall was officially opened by Mr. Paterson, M.H.R., who spoke of the fine public spirit displayed by Mr. Camp, a returned soldier, in purchasing the land and giving it to the public of Modella for the purpose of constructing a hall. Mr. Camp, aided by Mr. Gardiner, another returned soldier, then constructed the building. Messrs. Groves and Walters, M.L. A.'s, also spoke. (The Argus, June 12, 1925, see here)  

An Age report of June 8, 1925, see here, noted that the debt on the hall is about £275. The 1925 hall burnt down in  November 1976;  the new hall was opened on April 20, 1979 by Arthur Dawson (a member of the Modella Hall Committee), and assisted by Athol Camp. (3)

July 1925 - The route of the 100 mile cycle race is announced

The annual cycle traders' 100-mile road race, one of the most important events of the season, is claiming attention of the organisers and officials. Early this week the route followed on previous years was inspected by officials of the association, and though in the main the course will be the same again this year, owing to the bad state of portions of the road to Drouin and farther along the old Gippsland road, that part of the route has been eliminated. The following is the course which will be followed: Starting at Kelly's Hotel Oakleigh, along the Dandenong road to Cranbourne and Tooradin, thence to

Bayles, Cora Lynn, Iona, and Longwarry (one of the principal checking stations), and along the Princes' Highway, to Bunyip, Garfield, Tynong, Nar-nar-goon, Pakenham, Berwick, Narre Warren, and Hallam; on striking Dandenong there will be a direct return to the starting point. Feeding stations at convenient distances have been arranged. 

(The Argus, July 4, 1925, see here) 

The race was held on August 15 and 1930 riders participated. The winner was C.M.F. Shillito of the Coburg Club in four hours, 56 minutes. (4)

The start of the 100 mile cycle race. 

Three of the men pictured, Hubert Opperman, Ern Bainbridge and Percy Osborn (who was from Bayles) participated in the 1928 Tour de France cycle race.

The Sun News-Pictorial, August 17, 1925 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article277183735

August 1925 - Another lucky escape 

Garfield -  Frank Harris, an old League footballer, met with a severe accident on Saturday. He was felling a tree when it fell back on him and broke his leg at the thigh. Notwithstanding that the bone was protruding, the unfortunate man crawled half a mile through the bush to obtain assistance. 

(The Age, August 25, 1925, see here)

September 1925 - New Presbyterian Minister 

The Rev R.G. Butler has been inducted into the charge of the Presbyterian Church, and will have charge of the districts of Garfield, lona, Cora Lynn, Bunyip and Longwarry. Mr and Mrs Butler were given a welcome social after the service. 

(The Argus, September 8, 1925, see here)

September 1925 - Young Patrick thrown from his horse

Patrick Quigley, 15 years, son of Mr. Martin Quigley, of Cora Lynn, whilst riding a young, restive horse was thrown and injured. He is an inmate of a private hospital, but his condition is not serious. 

(The Advocate, September 17, 1925, see here)

September 1925 - Burglary at the Hotel

At an early hour on Monday morning the Iona Hotel [at Garfield] was entered by burglars, and the cash register, together with a hospital collection box, rifled. About 4 a.m. the licensee was disturbed by a noise in front of the house, but on investigating  failed to locate the origin. At  a later hour on opening the bar door, he was surprised to find a railway service lamp and a steel jemmy on the counter. An examination of the cash register proved that £1 in small silver had been removed and the hospital collection box broken open. It is evident that the thieves were disturbed as the shelves, lined with cigarettes, cigars and spirits, were left untouched. 

(Koo Wee Rup Sun, September 25, 1925. p. 4.)

November 1925 - Presbyterian Church fund raiser

From a queen competition and other sources the adherents of the Presbyterian Church raised 3/0, which effort was considered very satisfactory. The queens were Miss Ferguson (Cora Lynn), 1; Miss Barker (Garfield), 2; Miss Leithhead (lona), 3; Miss Wilson (Bunyip), 4. The crowning of the successful queen took place at a crowded concert in the Garfield Theatre on Thursday night. 

(The Argus, November 9, 1925, see here)

November 1925 -  Asparagus season

Now in the middle of the asparagus season, Mr Roxborough's farm [at Vervale] is  a scene of activity. Four men are constantly employed tending the crop, and when matured extra hands are engaged for cutting, trimming, washing and packing. The harvest, commencing in September, lasts until late December. The original nine acres planted has been extended and about 30 acres are now under cultivation. An average of over half a ton per day is despatched to the metropolis, the bulk being consigned to canning factories, while the balance is retailed to leading hotels, cafes and shops.

(Koo Wee Rup Sun, November 26, 1925, p. 4)

Footnotes 

(1) Inquest into George's death - Public Records Office of Victoria can be read here

https://prov.vic.gov.au/archive/81CF4D39-F1B2-11E9-AE98-917DA13A0E73?image=1

(2) Charlotte Peverill's teaching record - Public Records Office of Victoria 

https://prov.vic.gov.au/archive/3D7FF25D-F7E4-11E9-AE98-DD3948FEC58C?image=249  

Information about the Teaching Service (Married Women) Act of 1956 from Vision and Realisation: a centenary history of State Education in Victoria, edited by L.J. Blake. (Education Department of Victoria, 1973), v. 1.

(3) New hall information https://www.caseycardiniaremembers.org.au/modella-hall/

(4) Sporting Globe, August 15, 1925, see here.

What happened in Garfield in 1924

This is a look at what happened in Garfield and surrounds, 100 years ago, in 1924, as reported in the newspapers.

The first issue of The Age for the year reported on this snake bite incident -
A Dangerous Plaything. Child bitten by Snake - Edith Jackson, aged 6 years, was bitten by a snake on the calf of the leg whilst playing with other children on a farm at Iona, on Saturday. It appears that the children were amusing themselves with the reptile, when it attacked the little girls and struck her on the leg. Several young men who were playing cricket nearby applied first-aid measures, and motored the child to Bunyip for medical treatment. She is now out of danger. (The Age, January 1, 1924, see here)

In February the Garfield Railway Station burnt down -
The Garfield railway station, on the main Gippsland line was totally destroyed by a fire which broke out about two o'clock this morning. The station master, Mr Bartlett, locked up at 10.30 last night, when everything appeared to be safe, and the origin of the outbreak is a mystery. The crew of a goods train gave the alarm, but the fire had gained such a hold that nothing could be saved. (The Herald, February 21, 1924, see here)
Another report in The Argus gave us more information about the fire -
The Garfield railway station was completely destroyed by a fire which occurred about 2 o'clock on Thursday morning. The fire was first noticed by the crew of a goods train who awakened the station master. Owing to no water supply being available, the onlookers were unable to prevent the flames from spreading. A few milk cans were rescued from the goods shed. A number of parcels, including two bicycles and a perambulator, and a quantity of passengers' luggage, were destroyed, in addition to departmental records. The origin of the fire is unknown. (The Argus, February 25, 1924, see here)

Garfield Railway Station. I am not sure if this is the original station or the replacement.

Berwick Pakenham Historical Society photograph.

 
In March a robbery occurred at the Bunyip races – the Koo Wee Rup Sun reported –
Race meeting sensation. Man covered with revolver - A sensation was caused at the Bunyip races on Monday, when it became known that the ticket office had been robbed, and that one of the suspected thieves had been captured at the point of the revolver. While one race was being run, the clerk in charge of the ticket office, which is near the entrance gates, had his attention diverted by several strangers, who engaged him in conversation. A moment later he discovered that his cash, believed to amount to £116, was missing.

A young man was moving away from the office, and the clerk, producing a revolver, ordered him to halt. Immediate investigations were began by the police, and later arrests were made. Those arrested were William Barnett, 22 years; Maurice Brennan, 22 years; and Arthur Cohen, 24 years. They were charged with having stolen from the ticket office a sum supposed to total £116. An unsuccessful attempt was made to obtain bondsmen for the accused, who were locked up. The arrests were made by Plains-clothes Constable Lanigan, Constable Robinson (Bunyip), and Constable Barrett (Warragul). (Koo Wee Rup Sun, March 13, 1924, page 5).

The men faced trial at the end of April in the Melbourne Magistrate’s Court. Maurice Brennan was found not-guilty; and Arthur Cohen and William Barnett were convicted and, as they had prior convictions, they were both sentenced to 18 months in gaol.

March was a rainy month -
Bunyip - Since the rain commenced on Wednesday evening, 533 points have been registered. The water in the main drain, the outlet for the Bunyip River, through the swamp country, has risen 11 feet since Thursday night. Grave fears are entertained that the country around Cora Lynn will again be flooded. (The Age, March 29, 1924, see here) There are 100 points of rain in an inch and an inch of rain is 25mm.

In April there was a report of the goods traffic at the Garfield Railway Station -
During the last season 9000 tons of potatoes and 2000 tons of general merchandise and produce were consigned for the local station. (The Age, April 8, 1924, see here)

Also in April there was a serious fire at Iona -
A serious fire occurred at Iona on Monday morning, when the general store and drapery business of Messrs. Burton and Yates, together with the Iona bakery and the local branch of the E. S. and A. Bank, were destroyed. The total damage amounts to close on £2000, and is only partly covered by insurance. The origin of the fire is unknown, but it is surmised that it started in the bakery, where the bread for Monday morning's rounds had been baked. (The Age, April 9, 1924, see here)

What could have been a very serious accident occurred in May -
Whilst driving along Vervale-road, Mr. W. Simpson, a local farmer, was thrown from his jinker. The horse bolted, but the driver retained the rein, and was dragged a considerable distance. He finally brought the animal to a standstill, but the horse backed, and the jinker wheel passed over the man's neck. Fortunately he escaped with a few abrasions and bruises. (The Age, May 2, 1924, see here)

In June, a tin mining venture was refused -
Opposition to Tin leases - Garfield - Some time ago a syndicate was formed to work tin bearing country in the ranges to the north, but on application to the Government it met with unexpected opposition from the State Rivers and Water Supply Commission. This body opposed the granting of any tin-mining leases on the ground that the syndicate's operations would probably be carried on within the watersheds of the Bunyip and Tarago rivers, and cause a pollution of the waters destined to supply the Westernport naval base scheme. The applicants declare that such would not be the case, and consider that if a well capitalised company were allowed to go into the industry something might be done towards opening up a tract of country which at present is a "no man's land." (The Age, June 6, 1924. see here)

Local roads have always been an issue –
The Country Roads Board has refused to consider a proposal that it should take over the 13-Mile as a developmental road to link up the main Gippsland railway, at Garfield, with the Great Southern line, at Lang Lang, through the centre of the Kooweerup Swamp. The shire council has let a section of this road for metalling between Garfield and Iona. (The Age, July 12, 1924, see here)

A fatal accident occurred in July - 

Garfield - On Wednesday Mr. W. Bellman met with a serious accident whilst ploughing with a two-horse team on his farm, on the Modella-road. While turning one of the horses slipped and fell into a table drain, and in his efforts to extricate the animal Mr. Bellman was knocked on the forehead. He was taken to a private hospital at Bunyip, and immediately operated on. Little hope of his recovery is entertained. (The Age, July 18, 1924, see here) A later report said that Mr. William Bellman did sadly pass away a few days later. He was 64 years of age.

Garfield Weighbridge Directors – the weighbridge was erected in 1916.
Garfield Weighbridge Co. Ltd. Registered office, Garfield. Capital, £250 in £1 shares. Directors: John Wylie Wright Barker, Albert Stirling Barker, John Dowd, William Frederick Schmutter, Thomas Cole Green, John James O'Leary, and Charles Nicholas Barnes. (The Herald, August 4, 1924, see here). I presume that the two men named Barker and Thomas Green were connected to Barker, Green and Parke P/L - produce merchants.

Also in August was this report of a criminal case with a Garfield connection -
Country Visitor's Pistol. An expensive mistake - Harry Close, 23 years, laborer, who came to Melbourne last week from Garfield, Gippsland, was charged at the City Court yesterday with being in possession of an unregistered pistol, and also with carrying it without a permit. Plain-clothes Constable O'Connell gave evidence that in investigating a case of supposed larceny at Garfield, he arrested Close at 11 p.m. on Saturday on the arrival of the Gippsland train. Nothing was found to connect accused with the larceny, and he was allowed to go, and his swag was detained at Russell-street. When the latter was searched an old pattern revolver was found, which was loaded in one barrel and capped. When Close came to the police station next morning he said the pistol had been given him by a man named Miller at Garfield. He had tried to get it registered, but there were no police at Garfield. Close told the bench that the pistol was practically useless. When it was fired the barrel fell off. He regarded it as a keepsake. On the charge of having an unregistered pistol Close was fined £2. (The Age, August 5, 1924, see here)

 

Daniel Laurence McNamara (1876-1947)

State Library of Victoria Image H93.359/44

In August local man, Daniel Laurence McNamara (1876-1947), joined the Ministry in the Victorian Labour Government ; he was a Berwick Shire councillor 1901-1910, and in the Victorian Parliament from 1916 until 1947 (Source: https://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/members/daniel-mcnamara/)
General satisfaction is expressed at the inclusion of Mr. D. L. McNamara in the Labour Ministry. Mr. McNamara is practically a native of Iona, where his people still reside. He was one of the original pioneers, and when almost a boy was elected to the Berwick Shire Council, where he displayed sound progressive and democratic views. He was also Shire President. (The Advocate, August 7, 1924, see here)

The excellent state of the Garfield Recreation Reserve was reported on in August -
Some three years ago the Garfield Reserve and Racecourse was an eyesore to the district, but active trustees were elected and nearly £800 raised and spent on improvements, and today the football ground and racecourse is equal to anything in Gippsland. Seven trustees elected again during the week are Messrs. Parker, Crouch, Dowd, Gardner, Olson, Reidy and Waugh. (The Advocate, August 7, 1924, see here)

A shooting incident at Tynong in August -
Man shot instead of Bullock. George Cousins was accidentally shot in the thigh at Tynong (Gippsland) this morning. A relative of Cousins fired at a bullock, and Cousins, unaware of the preparations for killing the animal, walked in front of the rifle, as it was discharged. The injured man was taken to the Bunyip Hospital and, after having received treatment, returned to his home at Tynong. (The Herald, August 7, 1924, see here)

August was also a month of heavy rain and wide-spread flooding on the Koo Wee Rup Swamp -
Garfield - Further heavy rains have caused a flood on the swamp, in the vicinity of the main drain. On the 14 mile road, the paddocks of Messrs Filer, Golding, and Voll are under water. The water is a foot deep in Mrs. McLean's house, and Mr. J. Kavanagh's home is surrounded by water. In spite of the efforts of workers the waters crossed the road and the paddocks of Messrs. O'Leary, Leask, and B. Kavanagh are covered. Mr. O'Leary had 10 acres just planted with potatoes. At Vervale, the water rose over the banks of the main drain, and the properties of Messrs. Henwood, McGrath, and Baker are inundated. The Iona school-ground is under water. The flood swept across the farms of Messrs Lennox, Tyrell, and McManis. On the 13-mile road, the pipes were washed away from a new culvert, and the banks of the new subsidiary drain etc were carried away. In the township the shops of Messrs Khan, Hourigan, and Isherwood were flooded. The footpaths had to be cut in several places to turn the water from the road to the township flats. The drain through Mr. Jones's farm could not carry the flood, and portion of Garfield Reserve is submerged. Three inches of rain fell in 24 hours. (The Argus, August 28, 1924, see here)

Dingoes in the hills -
Garfield - Dingoes are more numerous in the hills to the north than they have been for years. Deer have multiplied in these timbered districts, which probably accounts for the presence of the dogs. (The Age, September 4, 1924, see here)

Women form an Association -
A Women's Progress Association has been formed at Garfield to assist in matters of benefit to the district. Mrs Limmer has been elected president, Mrs Martin secretary, and Mrs. Gardner treasurer. (The Argus, September 15, 1924, see here)

The on-going issue of the price paid to primary producers versus the retail price -
Dairymen in the Garfield district complain of the disparity between the price paid to them by wholesale metropolitan dairymen and the price charged the consumer. They state that while they are paid only 7½d. a gallon, the householder is charged 7d. a quart. The establishment of milk-cooling factories throughout dairying areas should revolutionise the milk supply. Longwarry Co-operative Factory proposes to pay suppliers 9d. a gallon, and, after treatment, to pass the milk on to the consumer at 1/3 a gallon. (Weekly Times, October 4, 1924, see here)

 Garfield Picture Theatre, 1932

Museums Victoria Collections https://collections.museumsvictoria.com.au/items/770388

On December 22, 1924 the Garfield Picture Theatre opened. It is still going strong and I wonder what gala centenary celebrations are planned for 2024.
The Garfield Picture Theatre was opened on Monday night. lt is one of the finest theatres outside the suburban area, and cost Mr. M. O'Donohue more than £5,000 to erect. In addition an electric-lighting plant, costing £1,000, has been installed. Mr. Meagher, of Collins street, was the architect, and the builders were Messrs. Rose and Wales, of Melbourne. The opening ceremony was performed by Councillor Dowd, and short addresses were delivered by Messrs. H. Coombs, H. Gardner, R. James, and H. Hourigan. Councillor P. Walsh occupied the chair. Mr. O'Donohue afterwards entertained about 700 guests, who enjoyed dancing and supper. The theatre will seat about 800 people. (The Argus, December 30, 1924, see here)  I have written about the Garfield Picture Theatre, here.

What happened in Garfield in 1923

This is a look back at what happened in Garfield, and surrounds, 100 years ago, in 1923, as reported in the newspapers. 

In February 1923, there was a complaint about progress of the works at the Garfield School - Several months ago tenders were let for additions to the local State school, and it was the intention of the Education department to have the work done during the Christmas vacation. For some unexplained reason the contract was not started. The department will now be put to the expense of hiring the local hall while the necessary additions are effected. (The Age, February 2, 1923, see here)

In the same month there was this report about the hooligan element in the town - It is the intention of the Garfield Traders' Association to urge on the Commissioner of Police the necessity of a constable being permanently stationed in the town. Since the withdrawal of the constable the hooligan element has been much in evidence. The breaking of shop windows has seemingly become a pastime. Other more serious offences have necessitated the service of the police and black trackers from Dandenong. During the potato digging season many undesirable characters visit the district. (West Gippsland Gazette,  February 6, 1923, see here)

A Sheaf-tossing prize was donated by Martin O'Donohue, the owner of the Iona Hotel at Garfield - Mr M. Donohue, of Garfield, has generously donated a valuable gold medal for the sheaf-tossing competition to be held at Garfield on 17th March. The event will be for the championship of Gippsland. (The Advocate, February 15, 1923, see here)

View of the Goods Shed at the Railway station in 1920. The Garfield Hall is in the background.

Berwick Pakenham Historical Society photograph

There was insufficient room at the Garfield Railway Station in February  - Great dissatisfaction is expressed at the lack of accommodation at the goods yard of the railway station. The existing platform is hardly sufficient to accommodate four trucks, whereon facilities for loading 14 or 15 trucks are required. Produce awaiting consignment is dumped on the ground for hundreds of yards up and down the line, where it remains for days before it can be loaded. (The Age,  February 15, 1923, see here.)

There were reports about bush fires in February and March - 
After a week of rising temperatures the climax was reached on Thursday, when 102 deg. was registered. Bush fires, driven by a hot north wind, sprang up in all directions, and a fire travelling south-easterly from North Garfield seriously threatened the buildings on the racecourse and the outskirts of Bunyip township. Fortunately a change in the wind to the west diverted the course of the fire. (The Age, February 24, 1923, see here)

A bush fire broke out about three miles north of Garfield, and, aided by a strong wind, it travelled with great rapidity towards the town. It swept through the properties of Messrs. Brennan, Robertson, Parish Bros.,and Dawes. Mr. Dawes' homestead had a narrow escape, the flames being checked within a few yards of the house. Beyond burning some hundreds of acres of scrub and short lengths of fencing, no damage resulted. Another scrub fire is burning between Garfield and Tynong. (The Argus, March 28, 1923, see here)

There was a follow-up report the next day - Smoke from bush fires is enveloping the town. Mr. H. Brew had his sheds, stables, and harness destroyed. A second fire destroyed all of Parish Bros' fencing on the Sale road, and three rows of apple trees were ruined. Mr. H. P. Hill lost a considerable amount of fencing, 150 passion fruit vines in full bearing, and several rows of apple trees. The corner of Mr. Limmer's house was burnt, and his orchard suffered severely. (The Argus, March 29, 1923, see here)

In March, there was good fishing to be had - Garfield - Good catches of blackfish are reported by parties visiting the Diamond and Back creeks. (The Age, March 1, 1923,  see here)

A farming report from March - Farmers in the Garfield district have this year gone in for cultivating field carrots on extensive lines. As from 30 to 40 tons an acre is produced, and the price generally runs from £2 to £3/10/ a ton, the crop should be very profitable. (The Weekly Times, March 10, 1923, see here)

In March there was a report about the impact of the new railway line to Strzelecki (also called the McDonald's Track railway), which had officially in June 1922, as  local farmers could now take their produce to Bayles, Catani and Yannathan.   I have written about the railway line, here.  Garfield - The Kooweerup-McDonald's track railway is making its presence felt in many towns along the main Gippsland line. Traffic and business which for years past has gone to these towns is now diverted to the new outlet, and townships with good business openings are springing up along the new railway. Land values have advanced considerably, and range from £40 to £50 per acre. (The Age,  March 10, 1923, see here)

A fund-raiser for the Recreation Reserve - Garfield Carnival was brought to a successful conclusion on Saturday evening, the queen competition realising over £190. Miss Linda Reidy was the leading queen, followed by Miss Rita Brennan. The crowning ceremony took place in Garfield Hall, in the presence of a record gathering. The promoters of the carnival expect to raise £300. All of this amount is to be spent on improving Garfield Recreation Reserve. (The Argus, April 3, 1923, see here)

Good news in April - extended telephone time and the possibility of a policeman in the town - As the result of a deputation to the Deputy Postmaster General, the Garfield telephone exchange is to remain open until 8 p.m. daily. - The police authorities are endeavouring to obtain a house in Garfield to be used as a police station. Should their efforts be successful, a married constable will be placed in charge, and the station made independent of Bunyip. (The Argus, April 7, 1923, see here)

And some bad news - Garfield - Seed oats planted for fodder crop have failed to germinate during the past two months owing to the excessively dry season. Kangaroos, driven in from the hills to the north owing to the scarcity of feed, are destroying maize crops at North Garfield (The Age,  April 12, 1923, see here)

The Burnley Brass Band, paid a visit to the area at Easter -  Following its usual custom, the Burnley Brass Band, under the conductorship of Mr. W. J. Stove, journeyed to Gippsland during the Easter holidays, and supplied the music for several functions in the Garfield district. Arriving in Garfield on Good Friday evening, the band played selections in the township for two hours, and, despite the cold weather, the programme was heard by a large number of people. The Queen Carnival sports was attended on Saturday afternoon, while in the same evening the members travelled to Cora Lynn, where the annual dance was in progress in the local hall. The latest dance music was rendered by the band. On Sunday afternoon and evening special programmes were submitted to the Cora Lynn residents, and much appreciated by them. The collection taken up at the latter recital was handed to the Cora Lynn sports committee to assist any local object it may decide upon. A programme at the annual sports on Easter Monday concluded the trip, and the band arrived home on Tuesday, well pleased with their holiday. (Richmond Guardian, April 14, 1923, see here)

A complaint about the condition of the local roads - Garfield - The roads in this district are in a dreadful condition, particularly the 13 and 14 mile roads from lona and Vervale to Garfield. The local council has called tenders for metalling, but the contract was let too late to alleviate the position this year. The roads approaching the towns of Bayles and Catani, on the McDonald's track railway, are almost impassable. (The Age, August 4, 1923, see here)

Bush-fires at the start of the year and floods in October - At Garfield North, Cannibal Creek over-flowed, and the adjoining flats were converted into a lake. When going to school on Friday morning the teacher had to be carried across the creek. No scholars put in an appearance. During the morning the flood increased. The teacher remained a prisoner in her school until the arrival of a cart enabled her to recross the flooded creek. (The Argus, October 15, 1923, see here)

A seven inch rainfall during the past five days has caused one of the most disastrous floods in the history of the Kooweerup settlement. Scores of setters have been compelled to leave their homes, and thousands of pounds worth of damage has been done to growing crops. After continual rains on Thursday and Friday, the main canal into which the waters of the Bunyip and Tarago rivers flow commenced to rise rapidly until an early hour on Saturday morning, when the 20 ft. summer level gauge on the Junction-bridge disappeared beneath the yellow flood. The water continued to rise to the decking of the bridge, five feet above the gauge, carrying away the bank on the north side, leaving the bridge suspended across the stream in a dangerous condition. The sheet piling around the edge of the 15-mile-bridge was carried away, and the structure is likely to collapse. All other bridges were submerged, and until the water recedes the damage cannot be estimated. The flood poured over the high levee banks on either side below the Iona State school, and spread over miles of cultivated farms, and residents had to abandon their homes, leaving stock, poultry and pigs to fend for themselves. Cattle could be seen standing with their heads thrust above the water on Cora Lynn farms; many of the smaller animals were drowned. The flood rose to the height of six feet in the Cora Lynn cheese factory, and the mechanics' hall. State school and convent are isolated in an inland sea. Water flowed over the levee banks to a depth of four feet for a distance of four miles, and there is a grave danger of these giving way and causing further disaster.

Throughout Iona many thousands of acres of potatoes, oats and other crops have disappeared under water, and will be utterly ruined. The main roads along either side of the canal have been damaged beyond repair, and bridges over subsidiary drains are in a state of collapse. (The Argus, October 15, 1923, see here)

Pioneers' Hall, Iona.

The Advocate November 16, 1922 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-page20363246

In November and December a Queen Carnival was held to pay off the Pioneers' Hall, at Iona, I have written about the Hall, here.   Iona - To liquidate a debt of £450 on the Pioneers' Hall, a queen carnival was decided on some months ago, was successfully terminated on the 16th inst. Miss Madge Dowd represented lona; Miss Lila Gardner, Garfield; and Miss Alma Roberts, Bunyip. It was not until the last week that the carnival was taken seriously, and then action commenced in earnest. A bazaar was held in the hall, and the tug-of-war of stick-pulling was responsible for a packed house every night. The concert by Kooweerup artists eclipsed any previous entertainment. A feature of the affair was the support each queen received during the bazaar, but the lona organisation was perfect, thanks to the secretaries, Misses L. Kavanagh and H. Bennett. The crowning of the successful queen was splendidly carried out. The voting was:—Miss Madge Dowd, Iona, £191/1/4, 45, 856 votes; Miss Lila Gardner, Garfield, £139/1/9, 33,381 votes; Miss Alma Roberts, Bunyip, £95/1/11, 22,823 votes. As the major portion of the money was received during the last week, the result is regarded as highly satisfactory. Each queen was presented with a gold bangle. Miss E. Sullivan and Renie Maddigan acted as maids of honour, and Miss Frances Sullivan and Miss Lizzie Dowd train-bearers, for the successful queen, and Christopher Cooney as cushion-bearer. (The Advocate, December 6, 1923, see here)

The photograph of Carlo Catani which George Clowser presented

to the Iona Hall Committee.

My original photo of this portrait was enhanced by Paul Caine.

In December, George Clowser, Public Works Department paymaster, presented a portrait of the late Carlo Catani, Public Works Department Engineer, to the Iona Pioneers' Association. The portrait is now at the Berwick Pakenham Historical Society Museum. I have written about the portrait here and George Clowser, here. - At the annual banquet of the Pioneers' Association of Iona an enlarged  framed photograph of the late Mr Catani was presented to the hall committee by Mr G. Clowser, secretary for public works, who was formerly pay-master of the settlement when the swamp was first opened up, and Mr Catani was the engineer. Mr O. Kavanagh (president) accepted the gift on behalf on the committee. (The Argus, December 1, 1923, see here)  

What happened in Garfield in 1922

 This is a look back 100 years at what happened in Garfield and surrounds in 1922. 

The year started on a sad note with a report in February of a death -  Man’s lonely death - While looking for a cow at Garfield, Mr. R. James found the dead body of a man lying on an unused road near the 14-mile. The body was that of Mr. Patrick Hanna, who until recently had been employed by Mr. Stacey, of Bunyip. Hanna was more than 50 years old, and had been a resident of the district for many years. (The Argus February 20, 1922, see here)

There was news about the Garfield State School. In April it was reported that Miss Lindsay, who has been first assistant at the Garfield school for 4½ years, has retired. She was entertained at a social, and presented with a silver and oak tray from the scholars, and a silver biscuit trough from the parents. Her successor is Miss Honig.  Owing to the crowded state of the Garfield school, an agitation is on foot to obtain increased accommodation. The agitation paid off as, in November, the Public Works Department accepted the tender of Mr. J. Saville for additions to the school. The contract price was £540. In June it was reported that Miss D. Chappell has been appointed to the staff of Garfield school, to fill the vacancy caused by the transfer of Miss McKinnon to Yarragon. (The Age, April 25, 1922, see here; The Argus June 1, 1922, see here and The Argus, November 8, 1922, see here)

While we are on the subject of local schools The Argus reported in September that before her departure from Tynong Miss Giles, sewing mistress at the State school was presented with a gold wristlet watch by parents and residents, and with a leather suit-case by the pupils. Also in the September a concert was held at Garfield North, in aid of the piano fund of the School. (The Argus September 7, 1922, see here and The Argus, September 26, 1922, see here)

In May, a fancy dress ball was held in the Nar Nar Goon Memorial Hall by the Cora Lynn branch of the Returned Soldiers' league, The proceeds from the ball went towards the new library at Cora Lynn. The Library would have been in the Hall. (The Argus, May 2, 1922, see here)

In May there was also a report in The Age about criminal activity in the local area. These cases were heard at the Bunyip Court - For stealing a blanket from the clothes line at the Iona Hotel, Garfield, a young man named John Gilbert Drum was sentenced to ten days imprisonment. Arthur Wilson received fourteen days for stealing a hat and overcoat from a motor car at Cora Lynn on Easter Monday night. A young married man named Flynn was fined £20 for being in unlawful possession of a bag of sugar, alleged to have been stolen from the Tynong railway station. The accused denied the charge, and said the bag of sugar was given to him by the assistant at the station for some potatoes. S. Synot was fined £2 for allowing a cow to wander on to the railway at Tynong, and Jos. Hart £5 for using obscene language at Bunyip on 18th inst. (The Age, May 2, 1922, see here)

In November there was more criminal activity at Garfield when it was reported that - a large show window in the lockup shop of Mr J. W. Betts, bootmaker, was shattered on Wednesday night. A pair of men's boots is missing. The police are following a clue. (The Argus, November 11, 1922, see here)

The Pioneers' Hall at Iona (which was the public hall) opened in 1895 and was enlarged and renovated in 1922. In May, the Catholic newspaper, The Advocate,  reported - The Pioneers' Hall, which has been completely neglected for years past, has undergone a complete transformation and it is somewhat difficult now to identify the old building with the present imposing edifice. In the early days of the swamp the Government provided a very small piece of land for recreation purposes, and miserly assisted the pioneers in erecting some sort of a building for the purpose of holding meetings. The building until recently in evidence in one of the richest places in Victoria has sustained the storms for almost 30 years, and whilst other halls were erected in the adjacent townships, substantially assisted by Iona, their own hall was neglected. Some six months ago Mr.Peter Grummich, secretary of the Pioneers [Association], convened a public meeting,at which five new trustees were appointed who also are guarantors. They succeeded in obtaining £500 from the London Bank, Garfield, and immediately prepared plans, etc., for additions and renovations. Mr. J Grummich was the successful tenderer, and the committee are highly gratified at the splendid work performed by the contractor. A new light will be installed during the week, and the hall will be opened about 11th inst. All the money has been spent, apart from work computed at £100 done by the local residents.(The Advocate, May 4, 1922, see here).  

The Age of May 2, 1922  (see here) reported that the Hall opening took place on May 13 by Mr. F. Groves, M.L. A. It also said that the old hall was originally built by the settlers on the swamp. Messr J. Dowd and J. Curtain donated portions of their property to the committee for the extension.
The Hall was on the north side of the Main Drain, east of St Joseph's Catholic Church. I have written about the Hall, here.

The last day of June in 1922 was very cold and The Argus reported with unexpected snow falls throughout the State - Bitterly cold weather was again experienced throughout the State yesterday, and heavy falls of snow occurred at many places. The minimum temperature recorded at the Weather Bureau was 32.7 deg. early in the morning, and the maximum reading was 46.0 deg. at about 3 o'clock in the afternoon..... Snow fell at - Bunyip, Pakenham (only fall remembered by residents for 40 years), Mount Cannibal (near Garfield), Nar Nar Goon (first for 30 years), Tooradin, Koo-wee-rup (first time on record) (The Argus, July 1, 1922, see here).
32.7 degrees Fahrenheit is about 0 degrees Celsius and 46 degrees is about 8 degrees. 

The Advocate of October 5, 1922 (see here) had some interesting local news - Representatives from the parishes of Lang Lang, Kooweerup and Nar-Nar-Goon and Iona recently met and decided to purchase a four-cylinder Buick car for use of the priests and the Sisters. The necessity of the action has been apparent for some time, owing to the distance the priests have to travel. The sisters from Iona, who also teach at the convent school at Cora Lynn, invariably depend on the neighbours to take them to school, but the parish car will suffice for all purposes.

The Convent at Iona. I wonder if that is the new Buick car purchased for use of the Priest and the Sisters?

The Advocate November 16, 1922 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-page20363246

The same paper also reported on the Garfield Recreation Reserve - The committee of the Garfield Recreation Reserve is to be congratulated for the improvements effected on the grounds. A few years ago it was completely neglected, but at a public meeting new trustees were appointed, who are responsible for collecting over £400 and spending same on improvements, with the result that two semi-final football matches have been played on the ground by visiting teams, with a possibility of a grand final. (The Advocate, October 5, 1922, see here)

Eggs were a staple diet in Hospitals in years past and they relied on the public to donate eggs. Local schools donated eggs to Hospitals and in October 1922 it was reported that Garfield State school had donated 300 eggs to the Warragul Hospital. The same report had a list of how many eggs had been donated in 1921 and Garfield State School had sent 720. Overall local schools had donated 18, 682 eggs in 1921. the eggs were preserved with Ovo, apparently a well known egg preservative. (West Gippsland Gazette, October 10, 1922, see here)

The Argus of November 11, 1922 (see here) had this news about the telephone exchange - Farmers on the Swamp are making arrangements for telephone connection with Garfield. The deputy postmaster-general is being petitioned to allow the telephone exchange to remain open to 8.pm. daily. There was also this weather and crop report in the same edition - During October nearly 4in. of rain fell, and the record for November is 206 points. Owing to floods farmers on the Six-Mile Drain have had to replant potato crops. - Cherry yields promise to be good. Loquats are a complete failure. Large consignments of asparagus are sent weekly from Garfield to a Melbourne jam company.
Four inches of rain is 100 mls. There are 100 points of rain to the inch.

What happened in Garfield in 1920

This is a look back 100 years at what happened in Garfield and surrounds in 1920.

The Bunyip and Garfield Express (BGE) of January 9, 1920 had a complaint about the slowness of the post. The publishers had received complaints about the late delivery of the paper. They wrote that the paper is mostly posted on Thursday, before the mail closes at 6pm, and subscribers should get their papers on Friday, and certainly no later than Saturday. Sometimes they do not receive them until Monday. They leave here on Thursday’s train, but owing to the absurd practice of all letters, papers etc for Garfield, Tynong, Cora Lynn, Vervale and several other places close at hand, having to go to Melbourne first, no doubt that is where the delay occurs. The paper wrote to the Deputy Postmaster-General about the matter and received a response saying that the matter would receive consideration.

Also, in January in the BGE was this – Naturalists and lovers of birds will be interested to learn that a blackbird has made its appearance near the Junction Bridge [south of Bunyip], and has been seen and heard on several occasions by residents in the locality. It is to be hoped that the rare specimen will not be destroyed. (Bunyip and Garfield Express January 30, 1920) Blackbirds were introduced to Victoria in the 1860s by the Acclimatisation Society, they were set free along with other introduced species such as starlings and skylarks in areas such as the Botanic Gardens and Phillip Island. It’s interesting it took around 60 years for the birds to acclimatise enough and make it out to this area.

In the same issue of the BGE was a report of Tobacco growing in Bunyip. It is now illegal to grow tobacco without an excise license and according to the Australian Taxation Office website there have been no licensed tobacco growers in Australia since 2006 (be interesting to know how much ‘illegal’ tobacco is grown, but that’s another story).  Anyway, in late 1919 a syndicate began growing tobacco in a plantation on Old Sale Road. The Syndicate’s tobacco expert is quoted as saying in his 30 years’ experience in the trade he has not handled a better tobacco leaf as grown at present in Bunyip. The syndicate were in the process of erecting a curing shed. (Bunyip and Garfield Express January 30, 1920)

Before trucks and decent roads, all produce was despatched by rail and there were regular complaints about the lack of rail trucks and therefore tons of potatoes just sat on the railway station for days awaiting transportation. Dairy farmers were also unhappy with the railways - a letter to The Argus signed by ‘Dairy Woman’ of Tynong said that the milk train left Nar Nar Goon at 9.00pm, but they had just been notified that for the future we would have to have the milk loaded by half-past 5 p.m. We all strongly object to such an alteration. It means beginning to milk at 3 o'clock, which leaves very little time to plough, to put in the feed to produce the milk. (The Argus August 27, 1920)

Complaint about the time of the milk train at Nar Nar Goon.

The Argus August 27, 1920.  http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4587653

In other railway news the local branch of the Australian Natives Association, a Mutual Society which provided medical, sickness and funeral cover, passed a motion to have the railway line duplicated as far as Warragul. (The Age, February 20, 1920) I believe the last part of this duplication, the line between Bunyip and Longwarry, is being planned at the moment - just a mere 100 years after it was suggested. The other bit of interesting railway news took place in July when 38 empty cattle trucks became separated from the engines because the couplings broke and they travelled nine miles from the Drouin Railway Station until they finally came to a standstill between Garfield and Bunyip. No damage was done.

In August, the Traralgon Record reported on a Court case involving two Garfield North families - fifteen year old Leslie Brew sued E. R. Towt for £99 in damages in the Warragul Court. Apparently, Leslie and Mr Towt’s son were fighting and when young Brew got the best of the struggle, Mr Towt set his dogs on to him and he was bitten on both legs. The Judge awarded Leslie Brew £25 in damages, with costs, and said it was a most cowardly thing to set a dog upon a boy.

As a matter of interest when I was writing this article there was a really heavy hail storm in Melbourne being reported on the television and I came across this in The Argus of July 30, 1920. Horatio Weatherhead of North Tynong wrote into the Nature Notes and Queries column and said in January 1887 there was a hailstorm at Daylesford when jagged lumps of ice nearly a foot long and weighing up to 4lb fell. The damage to windows, roofs and crops was considerable. The remarkable thing is that no one was seriously injured. The hailstorm was referred to at the time as "falling icebergs”.

We will finish this with a report which had the headline A Pugnacious Waiter. Walwin Harold Lucas was charged with assault. This man was employed as a waiter for two days, and in that time he had twelve fights with the customers, in addition to assaulting his employer. (The Herald, April 20, 1920) He was fined 40 shillings on each of the charges or 14 days in gaol. His connection to Garfield is that he had also kept a tobacconist's shop, at Garfield, but on account of his behavior he had been warned by the police to leave. So, clearly customer service was not his strong point and neither was anger management. Plus, I did not know that the Police could ‘run you out of town’, I thought that only happened in the Wild West.