100 years ago this week - St Thomas' Horticultural Show

A three day horticultural show was held at St Thomas' Church of England in Bunyip, 100 years ago this week in December 1913. It raised fifty five pounds which went  towards building the Parsonage. The church was opened on December 28, 1902 and the Parsonage opened in June 1915.

Bunyip Horticultural Show

The Argus December 22 1913 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7260099

HORTICULTURAL SHOWS - BUNYIP

The three-days' show in the Bunyip Hall, held last week in aid of St. Thomas's Church of England, was such a pronounced success that the promoters intend to make it an annual fixture. The exhibition of  flowers, fruit, vegetables, &c was excellent. Mr. W.S. Keast, M. L. A., opened the show. In cut flowers, Mrs B.L. A'Beckett was the chief prize-winner, taking eight firsts, including that for champion carnation, and also for collection of flowers. H.C. Nelson took six firsts, and other prize winners were the Rev. A.L. Kent, Mr W. G. Kraft and Masters A. Burns and Cecil Corrigan. Mrs A'Beckett was also chief prizetaker for roses, but J.A. Holgate carried off the award for champion bloom. H.C. Nelson also won a number of prizes. Miss Allen won for best arranged basket of flowers, three ladies' sprays and three gent's buttonholes; whilst Miss P. Holland was first for collection of wild flowers. In the cookery section, a prize given for best plain cake made by a married man was won by Mr. W. Walker. Captain A'Beckett being second. Mr A. Boyle won the prize for bachelor's cake, the Rev. A. Banks being second. The show resulted in a clear profit of about £55 towards the new parsonage.

Amongst the prize winners was Horace Nelson, listed in the Electoral Roll as a farmer from Bunyip; William Kraft, who with his wife Sarah, ran the Gippsland Hotel in Bunyip. Their son, William, later became the manager of the Drouin butter factory.  Miss Allen who won a number of prizes doesn't have a first name or initial listed, so I don't know who she was; Miss P. Holland won the prize for wild flowers, but she wasn't in the Electoral Roll in 1914. In the cookery section, Mr William Walker won the best plain cake made by a married man. He is listed in the Electoral Roll as a hairdresser of Bunyip. Captain Arthur A'Beckett, came second in this category - he was the husband of the prize winning Beatrice. Mr A. Boyle won the prize for the batchelor's cake. There is a Frederick and Elizabeth Boyle listed in the Electoral Rolls (Frederick is listed as carpenter) so perhaps they are the parents of Mr A. Boyle and the lad, Master A. Boyle who won prizes. 

Home Deliveries to Cora Lynn in the 1940s and 1950s.

The Rouse family have had the newspaper delivered to Cora Lynn and Vervale since the end of World War Two. Dad remembers that Mrs Simcocks, from the Garfield Newsagency, used to deliver papers and the mail in her Chev (or it may have been a Dodge, it was a big American car). In the late 1950s, Mrs Simcocks got a VW Beetle and used that for deliveries.  We also got the mail delivered by Mrs Simcocks - apparently she took it from the Garfield Post Office to the General Stores at Vervale and Cora Lynn, where it was sorted and then delivered it with the papers.

If you lived less than two miles from the Post Office / General Store at Cora Lynn or Vervale, you didn’t get a mail delivery you had to pick it up from the Post Office.  Mrs Simcocks would also bring out small parcels such as items from the Chemist or even meat from the butchers if you rang early enough. The Rouse family on Murray Road always had the Sun News Pictorial delivered and this continued when Dad and Mum got married in 1956 and moved onto the farm on Main Drain Road. Sadly, our newspaper deliveries stopped at the end of June, 2017.

This is Grandma and Grandpa (Joe and Eva Rouse) and Delacy* the dog, taken around 1950. Joe's reading the paper, delivered that day from Garfield. I think Grandma has her apron in her hand. It's taken in front of the toilet, obviously a sunny spot!.

After Mum and Dad were married in 1956, they also had the bread delivered from the Garfield Bakery. Clarrie Lindsay delivered it on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. Mum always ordered a Vienna loaf and this was delivered, unwrapped, and put into the letter box, which sometimes meant that if Mum and Dad had been out during the day it was a bit crusty when they took it out of the letter box a few hours later. In the 1950s, some of the owners of the bakery were the Umlaufts and the Lowndes.

The butcher, Mr Cumming, from Bunyip also delivered meat to Grandmas. Dad says that the butcher came out in his van and would do the butchering on the spot - the carcase had already been skinned etc, but he would just cut off chops etc to order. It sounds like a bit of a health and safety nightmare, but obviously people were made of sterner stuff in 1940s and 1950s!

This photograph shows some of the shops in Main Street in Garfield. 

It is possibly an Anzac day service as they appear to be laying a wreath, 1960s.

Mum always went to the butcher in Garfield; she went to Jimmy Fawkners, who was up near the Opp shop. She also went to Ernie Robert’s grocery shop (where the cafe is) which was a general store and also had hardware, crockery and groceries. Philip and Vera Wharington also had a grocery store in Garfield and they also stocked haberdashery.  However, around 1968 Robinsons in Pakenham opened up an experimental self service store and Mum began to shop there. Robinsons had operated a grocery store in Pakenham from the 1950s and later had the SSW store until Safeways took it over (around 1980)

Grandma, and most of the surrounding area, also had groceries and other goods delivered from Dillon’s store at Cora Lynn.  Les North, the delivery man, would come around the day before and take the order, which would be delivered the next day. The Cora Lynn store had opened in 1907 and the Dillon family took over in 1927 and operated it for decades.

* the dog was named after Grace De Lacy Evans, of Vervalac, Iona. She married Percy Pratt on June 24, 1919. Mr Pratt is on the Iona Honour Board, you can read about him and the other soldiers with an Iona connection, here.

Agnes Mickle - Pioneer woman

Alexander and Agnes Mickle (nee Johnston) arrived in Victoria in October 1857 on the ship, Blackwall. Agnes was 28 and Alexander was 27. They had tried to come to Australia the year before but their boat, the Mull of Kintyre, was shipwrecked just after it had left Scotland. They both came from Berwickshire, on the Scottish border.  Alexander was the third of the Mickle brothers to arrive in Melbourne, with John having arrived in 1838 and Thomas in 1841. John Mickle, who along with his partners, William Lyall and John Bakewell, had amassed a large amount of land which they divided up in 1856. John Mickle’s share included parts of the Yallock Run, which he renamed Monomeith and Alexander and Agnes came out to manage this property.

Alexander and Agnes took a bullock dray from Melbourne to Tooradin, then went by boat to the mouth of the Yallock Creek. They lived in the original homestead until 1860 when a new house was built. In November 1861, Alexander died suddenly from appendicitis and peritonitis and Agnes was at Monomeith, eight months pregnant and with her two children David, aged 3 and Isabella Margaret, nearly 2. The only other person on the property was “the lad” John Payne, who had to ride into Cranbourne for the Police to make arrangements for the burial. Their third child, John Alexander, was born four weeks later on Boxing Day, 1861. [Much of the information in these first two paragraphs comes from Dr Niel Gunson's book The Good Country: Cranbourne Shire (Cheshire, 1968).]

Agnes Mickle

Their son, David, was the grandfather of the local historian Dave Mickle. He has written various books and was instrumental in establishing the Koo-Wee-Rup Swamp Historical Society. Dave Mickle has written about Agnes, but no where does he write about what must have been the sheer horror (or so it seems to me) of the situation that Agnes was in - alone on the farm at the Monomeith; no close neighbours; about 30 kilometres from the nearest town which was Cranbourne, which at the time was a small town with a population of 115; and two little children and a baby on the way.

The management of the Monomeith property was taken over by Andrew Hudson, who was a cousin of the Mickles. Andrew planted wheat and operated a dairy farm. Agnes married Andrew on May 17, 1865 and had two more children, Agnes Lilly, who was born in 1866 and in 1868, when Agnes was 40, she gave birth to James Johnston.  Andrew and Agnes and family moved from the Monomeith property to Protectors Flats near Lang Lang, where along with the dairy farm, they also grew tobacco. In 1879, they moved to the Warook property on the Yallock Creek and built a house (not the existing Warook house) and a dairy. They leased this, on a ten year lease, from William Lyall. Towards the end of this lease they started building The Grange, in Koo-Wee-Rup. Sadly, before they moved, Andrew Hudson died suddenly at the age of 55 on August 3, 1888. Agnes, a widow once more, moved into The Grange a few months later on October 1.

After Andrew died it seems that her sons, John Mickle and James Hudson, took over the farm and they operated Koo-Wee-Rup Dairies, where they purchased milk from local farmers and made cheese, then later (after 1899) James worked on his own and milked  cows and produced cheese.

Agnes also faced the death of her two daughters, who both died within a year. Isabella Margaret had married Richard Scott of Poowong in 1886 and had six children. She died in February 1902. Her other daughter, Agnes Lilly, had a more tragic life. She married George Hook in 1899 and their first child, Isaac, died in 1905, aged 5. Their second child, George was born on February 2, 1903 and sadly Agnes Lilly passed away six days later on February 8. Dave Mickle, in Mickle Memories of Koo Wee Rup writes that little George, was adopted by his uncle, John Mickle and his wife Laura (John Mickle being the child Agnes gave birth to, four weeks after Alexander died)

Agnes Hudson died on December 10, 1913 aged 86. Her obituary (which is transcribed below) in the Lang Lang Guardian of December 17, 1913 describes her as having had a long, useful and honourable life …the deceased lady who was loved and respected by those who had the privilege of knowing her, possessed the sterling attributes of the great Scottish race whose early pioneering enterprises left such as impress on the early land settlement in the colonies…. her mind was bright and active to the close.. and her health was remarkably good.  This is a tribute to a remarkable pioneer woman, Agnes Hudson, who survived a ship wreck, the birth of five children, the death of two husbands and that of her two daughters.

Obituary - Death of Mrs Hudson

From the Lang Lang Guardian December 17, 1913.

On the 10th inst., there passed away one of the oldest, if not actually the oldest, resident in the district, Mrs Hudson, who, after a long, useful and honorable life, has gone to join “the choir invisible.” The connection of the deceased lady with this State, embraces a period of time antecedent to the history of the ordinary pioneer. Born in Berwickshire, Scotland, Mrs Hudson, then Mrs Mickle, came out to Victoria with her husband, and shortly afterward arrived at Tooradin in a bullock dray. Leaving Tooradin, they passed up the mouth of the Yallock Creek in a boat, but were unfortunate in being stranded on a mud bank. 

She lived on the Yallock Estate for a time and in 1858 settled at Monomeith, where she lived for a number of years on the property upon Mr H, Glasscock now resides. Here her husband died, and some years after she married Mr Hudson. Mrs and Mrs Hudson lived for a time at Lang Lang, on the property lately occupied by Mr Jos. Doyle on the Lang Lang River. After that they took a long lease of the property known as “Worrock”, now owned by Mr C. Greaves. Afterwards they purchased a part of the Yallock estate, known as the “Home run,” and here the late Mr Hudson died, just about the time of the expiration of the lease. 

The deceased lady then came to Koo Wee Rup, some 24 years ago, where she resided to the time of her death. By her first marriage she had three children, Messrs John and David Mickle, who are well known residents of the district, and the late Mrs Scott. By her second marriage she had two children: the late Mrs Hook and Mr Jas. Hudson, now occupying and carrying on the property. The deceased lady, who was loved and respected by those who had the privilege of knowing her, possessed the sterling attributes of the great Scottish race whose early pioneering enterprises left such an impress on early land settlement in the colonies. Though she lived to the ripe age of 86 years, she did not outlive her sympathies with the affairs of the world around her. Her memory was wonderfully retentive, and her mind bright and active to the close. She was a devoted member of the Presbyterian Church, which she attended until deafness prevented her following the services and her health was remarkably good.

The funeral took place at the Cranbourne Cemetery on Friday, and was attended by a large number of mourners. 

100 years ago this week - Iona State School, No. 3201.

This comes from The Argus of October 22,1913, 100 years ago this week.

The Argus, October 22, 1913 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7228988

The Iona State School was located on the corner of Thirteen Mile Road and Bunyip River Road at Vervale. It commenced in 1894 and was originally known as Koo-Wee-Rup North; in 1899 it changed its name to Bunyip South and then in 1905 to Iona. When the school opened on July 9, 1894 it had 83 pupils and the Head Teacher was Arthur Jamieson. By 1895, it had grown to 120 pupils and the new Head Teacher Joseph Lyons arrived in the April of that year. He had three assistants – Mr Colquhoun, Miss Alston and Mrs Lyons. Joseph Lyons remained at the school until 1903. The Teachers Residence was built in 1908; previous to this the Head Teacher had to live in Garfield.  The original building burnt down on July 6, 1913.  The new building opened on April 28, 1914 with 164 pupils. In 1942, electricity was supplied to the school and the telephone was connected in 1964.

Celebrations took place in 1964 to mark the 50th anniversary of the new building with between 500 and 600 people attending. Another celebration took place in 1989 to mark the 75th anniversary the 1914 building. Sadly, the school community could not celebrate one hundred years of education as the school was closed on December 17, 1993, seven months short of its centenary. The building is now at Nar Nar Goon and used as a Scout Hall.

Sources: On the edge of the swamp: a history of the Iona Primary School No. 3201 1894-1994 by Denise M. Nest ( Iona Primary School Back-To-Committee, 1994)
Vision and Realisation : a centenary history of State Education in Victoria edited by L.J. Blake (Education Department of Victoria, 1973)

100 years ago this week - Wife wanted

This was in a couple of newspapers, 100 years ago this week in October 1913.

I am not sure if the story is true, or if the lovelorn cheesemaker found himself a tall, fair lump of  a Protestant for a wife,  but either way, it's a great story!

The Adelaide Mail October 18, 1913 page 5.

http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59639808

Royal Melbourne Agricultural Show 1960

This is what the Royal Melbourne Agricultural Show used to be like.  My dad, Frank Rouse and my Uncle James Rouse (J. & F. Rouse Potato Growers, of Cora Lynn, telephone Iona 331 ) demonstrated  the washing and packing of potatoes, on machinery provided by Port Implements. You could buy the finished produce, 4 pounds of potatoes for 2 shillings and six pence. The spectators were very formerly dressed compared to today.

Show special advertisement in The Age September 23, 1960

That's Dad, leaning on the machine with his back towards the rollers.

100 years ago this week - Bunyip Court case

The following appeared in The Argus of September 16, 1913 (see here)  - 100 years ago.
Two farmers of Iona, named Victor Little and Thomas McGuire, were charged at the Bunyip Court on Wednesday, at the instance of Constable Wagner, with slaughtering vealers without licenses. The evidence showed that both defendants had slaughtered poddies and vealers on their farms, and Mr B. J. Dann, who appeared for both defendants, admitted the offences, which he contended had been done
in ignorance of the law. Little was fined 1/ per head for 21 head, and McGuire 1/ for nine head, with 11/10 costs each. Sergeant Bowden, who conducted the prosecution, explained that the proceedings were lodged to he a warning to those who were illegally trafficking in cattle, although no thing of that nature could be proved against defendants.

Case against Victor Little and Thomas McGuire

The Argus, September 16, 1913 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7232973

Victor Little (1892-1939) was the fourth of five children of James Little and Hannah Hughes. James had land at Iona and Little Road was named after the family. Victor and his wife Mareia lived at Iona and his occupation on the Electoral Roll is listed as a Dealer. They are both buried at the Bunyip Cemetery.

There is a Thomas McGuire listed in the Electoral rolls of 1909 at Bunyip South, occupation is farmer. Margaret McGuire is listed at same address. I presume that they are the same couple buried at the Bunyip Cemetery - Thomas, died 1933, aged 82 and Margaret (nee Fitzsimmons) died 1921, aged 67. They have three sons buried at Bunyip as well, Thomas John, died 1922 aged 33; William Patrick, died 1928, aged 38 and Peter James died 1952, aged 58. 

A report from April 1915 of a judgement in a similar case referenced this Little/McGuire case, read about it here. 

Early days of Garfield and Cannibal Creek

The earliest recorded European settlers in the Garfield region were the lessees of the two Connabul Creek Runs, both leased in 1845. Connabul Creek 1,of 8,960 acres, was leased by Michael Ready (or Reedy) and James Hook and Connabul Creek 2 was leased by Terence O’Connor and a Mr Hayes. Essentially, these Runs were located between the Ararat Creek and the Bunyip River, north of the Koo-Wee-Rup Swamp. Another source tells us that a Mr Thompson had the Cannibal Creek cattle run from 1845.

The term Cannibal Creek is believed to have come about because early Surveyors in the area had left their fox terrier in their camp and when they returned they found the dog had been killed and eaten by Dingoes and thus they named the creek Cannibal Creek. Another version of the name is that the word Coonabul comes from a corruption of the Aboriginal word couna meaning “forehead” and bal meaning “he” or “she”. This possibly referred to the shape of Mount Cannibal, which was thought to resemble a head.

The Garfield area opened up after a road was surveyed from Dandenong to Gippsland in 1847 along the edge of the ranges and when this proved to be impassable in places, a new road, which became the coach route, was surveyed between 1857 and 1859. This went through Cannibal Creek, via the old township of Buneep and onto Crossover. The Melbourne to Sale telegraph line followed this route in 1865, which eventually gave the road the name of Old Telegraph Road (see map).  Where this road crossed the Cannibal Creek, a small settlement was surveyed in 1860 and the township of Cannibal Creek was born. In 1866 Jabez Janes established a beer house on the south side of Cannibal Creek.  

According to a public notice in The Argus of December 21,1866 Jabez applied for a Beer Licence in my house of five rooms finished and others partly built. He was granted the licence, however a year later he was declared insolvent due to the falling off of business in consequence of the Government changing the line of road between Cannibal and Shady Creeks. He had debts of £192 pounds. Three years later Jabez, who was described as a beer-seller at Cannibal’s Creek was back in the Courts again, when he was charged with deserting his de facto, Mary Ann Goldsmith, with whom he had five children, and leaving her and the children without support  He was ordered to pay support and put up a surety of £20. The Argus goes on to report that as the man had neither money nor friends to assist him he was sent to gaol.  I have written more about Jabez Janes and Mary Ann (also called Maria) Goldsmith, here.

The next licensee of hotel then called the Pig & Whistle was Mrs Kathleen Leeson. Mrs Leeson died in 1910, aged 100 years old. Kathleen and her husband Robert had selected land at Cannibal Creek in the early 1860s.

Competition for the Pig & Whistle came with the establishment in 1867 of David Connor’s New Bunyip Inn. This was built on the Bunyip River on the Gippsland Road, as the Princes Highway was then called. The coach route then changed direction at Cannibal Creek and turned south east to this Inn, and became known as Old Sale Road (see map). A small settlement developed around the Inn, including the establishment of a bakery by William Snell. However, Garfield really took off with the establishment of the Railway, which we will look at in the next post.

Garfield - after the coming of the Railway

In another post I looked at the history of Garfield up until the coming of the Railway, which is really the seminal event in the history of Garfield. The Gippsland line to Sale was opened in stages - Sale to Morwell in June 1877, Oakleigh to Bunyip on  October 8 1877, Moe to Morwell December 1877, Moe to Bunyip March 1878 and the last stretch from South Yarra to Oakleigh in 1879. Originally, the only Stations between Dandenong and Bunyip were Berwick and Pakenham. The timber industry boomed after the railway and a series of sidings developed along the line to despatch timber such as Officers Wood Siding in 1881, where the Officer family sent firewood to Melbourne.  This is now the Officer Station. Around the same time, Fraser’s Siding was established to accommodate Donald Fraser’s Saw Mill and this later became Longwarry. In the Garfield area the Railway lead to the establishment of two early industries, Jefferson’s Saw Mill and brick works and the Cannibal Creek Saw Mill Company.

Joseph Jefferson established a saw mill in 1877 on the site of what was to become his clay pit, off Railway Avenue. He sent this timber out via Bunyip Station until a local siding, the Cannibal Creek Siding, was built in 1885 to accommodate the timber tramline which was constructed by William Brisbane, a contractor on behalf of Francis Stewart.  This tramline run for about 8 kilometres, to the Two Mile Creek,  the Garfield North road basically follows this tramway.  In the same year, Cannibal Creek Saw Mill Company Limited was registered in October by the Stewart family, with William Brisbane being a minority shareholder. Stewart had already obtained the saw milling rights to 2,000 acres of forest in 1883. Both Stewart and Brisbane had been involved separately and jointly in other mills and tramlines at Berwick, Beaconsfield and Nar Nar Goon.  The Cannibal Creek Saw Mill Company sounds like a very grand enterprise but apparently the Company was in trouble by December 1885, the tramline was disbanded in 1887 and the Company was placed in liquidation in 1888, however it deserves it’s place in Garfield’s history as the Cannibal Creek Siding, became the Garfield Railway Station.

 Getting back to Joseph Jefferson, his was a very successful business, as well as producing timber products such as fence posts and rails and firewood, he also mined the sand on his property to be used in the building industry in Melbourne and when he discovered clay on his property he began making clay bricks. The 1880s was a boom time for Victoria and Jefferson could produce over 50,000 bricks per week and fire 75,000 at a time in his kiln. The Depression of the 1890s saw a decline in the building industry which flowed onto his business and the brickworks eventually shut down in 1929.

Jefferson's Clay pit. The man on the right is believed to be Joseph Jefferson. 

Image: Settlers and Sawmillers : a history of the West Gippsland Tramways by Mike McCarthy 

(Light Railway Research Society of Australia, 1999)

In the next post I will look at the growth of the township which grew around the Cannibal Creek Siding.

If you are interested in the Timber Industry, then a good book is Settlers and Sawmillers : a history of the West Gippsland Tramways by Mike McCarthy. It is published by the Light Railway Research Society of Australia in 1999.

Cannibal Creek becomes Garfield

In the previous post we saw how a township developed around the Cannibal Creek Siding and this township became Garfield. One of the first public buildings was the Cannibal Creek State School which opened in 1886. The School was located on the Princes Highway, west of North Garfield Road. In 1899 the School building was re-located to Garfield Road at the top of the hill, half way between the Princes Highway and the Railway Station. In 1910 the Garfield School No. 2724 moved to a new building on its present site near the Railway Station. The old building was removed in 1914 to North Garfield where it became State School No.3489.

1886 and 1887 was a time of the consolidation for Garfield - in May 1886 the Cannibal Creek Post Office was established at the Railway Station. In the same year there was community agitation to have the name of the settlement changed.  On December 11 a petition was presented to the Berwick Shire from the ‘residents of Cannibal Creek’ objecting to the name of Swamp Vale for the name of the Railway siding and Post Office and suggesting that the place be named Hopetoun. The Council resolved to ask the Railway Commissioners to alter the name to Hopetoun.  In the end Hopetoun was rejected on the grounds that there was another Hopetoun in Victoria and Garfield was chosen. The Post Office became known as the Garfield Railway Post Office on May 16, 1887 and around the same time the School also changed its name from Cannibal Creek. Township blocks were sold in Garfield and the township of Garfield was officially gazetted on November 21, 1887. For the next few years the town developed, still relying on the timber and the brick works as a major source of employment, however Garfield also had a blacksmith, a builder and a beekeeper and some carriers. By 1888 Garfield also had a football team.

If you are interested in names then Hopetoun, the proposed named for Garfield came from Lord Hopetoun, was the seventh Earl of Hopetoun and the first Marquess of Linlithgow. He was Governor of Victoria from 1889 to 1895, and in 1901 the first Governor General of Australia. The name Garfield came from the assassinated American President, James Garfield, who was shot July 2, 1881 and died September 19, 1881. Swamp Vale naturally comes from the fact that Garfield was on the edge of the Koo-Wee-Rup Swamp. The Swamp was drained by cutting a canal from Bunyip to Western Port Bay, the Main Drain. The major drainage works took place from 1889 to 1893 when the Swamp was then considered ready for settlement and Garfield became a service centre for the Swamp residents. New businesses were established such as a baker, carpenter, saddler and even a Sweet shop run by a Mrs Williamson.

Cora Lynn - the early years

Cora Lynn is nine miles from the start of the Main Drain at Western Port Bay. Some of the towns along the drain were settled as part of the Public Works Department Village Settlement scheme. The 1890s was a time of economic depression in Australia and various Government Schemes were implemented to provide employment and to stop the drift of the unemployed to the city. One of these schemes was the Village Settlement Scheme. The aim was for the settlers to find employment outside the city and to boost their income from the sale of produce from their farms. It was in this context that the Village Settlement Scheme was implemented on the Swamp. 

 Under this Scheme, all workers had to be married, accept a block of land up to 20 acres, and spend a fortnight working on the drains for wages and a fortnight improving their block and maintaining adjoining drains. The villages were Koo Wee Rup, Five Mile (Koo Wee Rup North) Vervale, Iona and Yallock (1). Cora Lynn was not, however, part of this Village Settlement Scheme - the original block sizes along the drain near Cora Lynn were not twenty acres but, according to the Parish Plans, sixty acres to the west of Cora Lynn and from 40 acres to 80 acres to the east. They were taken up from around the mid 1890s. In the township of Cora Lynn, the first blocks were purchased in 1904. Other land sales took place in 1909 (2). 

The Cora Lynn State School opened in January 1907 and was originally called Koo Wee Rup Central (3). The Cora Lynn store was opened by George Petrie Murdoch in 1907 (4) and a post office opened on July 1,1907 and this prompted the Cora Lynn Progress Association to request a name change for the area, and thus Cora Lynn was adopted, after the Cora Lynn gorge on the North Esk River near Launceston (5). The opening of the Post Office also meant there was a daily mail service, as the South Bourke & Mornington Journal of July 17, 1907 reported - the Cora-Lynn folks are quite jubilant at having a daily mail running from Garfield. The time, I think, is not far distant when there will be a quite a little township at that place (6). 

This began a period of growth for the town. The community soon held social activities, such as dances, in the shelter shed at the school. This was obviously inadequate and in April 1910 a meeting was held for the purpose of establishing a Mechanics’ Institute and Library at Cora Lynn. At the same time euchre parties and dances were held to raise money to clear the recreation reserve - in July 1910 over 100 people attended such a function (7). In November 1911, the Cora Lynn Cheese factory opened. A branch of the London Bank (later taken over by the E.S & A bank) opened in a small building next to the General Store around January 1911. (8)

Cora Lynn - possibly the 1911 flood.

The Cora Lynn store is the centre building and the building on the right is the Bank.

However, all this progress had a downside as the South Bourke and Mornington Journal of August 24, 1910, reported – the Cora Lynn Progress Association has complained of the excessive speed at which motor cars and bicycles are being driven through the shire on the narrow roads and several persons had experienced very narrow escapes from accidents (9). 

By 1910, the School numbers had increased so much that students had to be taught in the shelter shed. Cora Lynn led the way in February 1911 when the parents of the school had the distinction of appointing the first School Committee in the State. This was reported on in The Argus of February 10, 1911 - The parents of children at the Cora Lynn State School, in Gippsland, have secured the distinction of appointing the first school committee in Victoria under the new Education Act passed last year which provides for the constitution of such committees in place of the old boards of advice. The Minister for Education (Mr A. A. Billson) says that, though the regulations governing the selection of committees have not yet been gazetted, he appreciates the enterprise of these parents in seeking to avoid delay. In announcing its appointment the committee has forwarded to the department a report on the school containing information which the Minister says will be of great value to the officials. Mr Billson considers this report to be much superior to the general run of communications regarding State Schools previously submitted by boards of advice, and he says that if other committees formed subsequently come up to the standard set by Cora Lynn the change from the old boards to the new parent's committees will prove a wise and beneficial policy (10).

The Cora Lynn hall, called Keast Hall, was named after William Keast (1866-1927). Keast was the Member of the Legislative Assembly for the area from 1900 to 1917. This hall was to have been opened on June 13, 1911, but the official opening was delayed due to the fact that three feet of water was running through the hall, one of the many floods to hit Cora Lynn (11).  The Hall was opened in early August 1911 - there was a short report in The Argus of August 9 - There was a large attendance at a concert on the occasion of the opening of Keast-hall, Cora Lynn. Councillor W. Carney presided, and Mr. W. S. Keast, M.L.A., and Mrs. Keast were present. Mr. Keast give £10 to the building fund. (12). 

The original building must have been fairly basic as a concert organised by Mrs Keast was held in June 1917 to raise money to line the walls of the hall.  The community had held various functions over the years for the hall including a roller skating night in July 1914 (13). 

Other town activities included sports gatherings held on the newly cleared recreation reserve and in January 1915 a Cora Lynn branch of the Victorian Potato Growers Association was formed (14).  On April 15, 1916 the first Cora Lynn Horticultural show was held. It was opened by Mr Keast, who was introduced by the Show President, Mr W. J Johnston, and the event was held in his ‘own’ hall. Mr Keast said the show was a natural display of the fertility of the district and the industry of the tillers of the soil. The report in the South Bourke and Mornington Journal of April 27, 1916 said the display of goods was highly creditable..... the ladies, without whom a exhibition would be a failure, pleased the eye by their gorgeous display of fancy work and literally caused the mouth to water by the appearance of preserves, confectionary and the many tempting objects they alone know how to produce (15).

Note: This post was originally written in 2013, it was updated in August 2021

Footnotes

(1) I have written more on the drainage of the Koo Wee Rup Swamp here  http://carlocatani.blogspot.com/2018/10/koo-wee-rup-swamp.html

(2)  https://kooweerupswamphistory.blogspot.com/2013/01/cora-lynn-township-plan-and-early-land.html

(3) Vision and Realisation: a centenary history of State Education in Victoria, edited by L.J. Blake. (Education Department of Victoria, 1973)

(4) Letter to the Advocate from Eileen Fitzpatrick, October 5, 1907, see here;  Letter to the Weekly Times from Arthur Murdoch, November 16, 1907, see here. See also here  https://kooweerupswamphistory.blogspot.com/2013/01/cora-lynn-store.html

(5) From information provided by Des Dineen, held by Koo Wee Rup Swamp Historical

Society. 

(6) South Bourke & Mornington Journal, July 17, 1907, see here.

(7) The Argus, April 25, 1910, see here - see under Bunyip; The Argus, July 2, 1910, see here - see under Bunyip.

(8) https://kooweerupswamphistory.blogspot.com/2013/01/cora-lynn-cheese-factory.html; The E.S. & A. Bank, The Argus, January 31, 1911, see here. 

(9) South Bourke & Mornington Journal, August 24, 1910, see here.

(10) The Argus, February 10, 1911, see here.

(11) The Argus, June 14, 1911, see here.

(12) Hall opening - The Argus, August 9, 1911, see here.

(13) Concert report: Dandenong Advertiser, July 26, 1917. see here. Skating: Bunyip Free Press, July 23, 1914, see here.

(14) Dandenong Advertiser, January 14, 1915, see here.

(15) Dandenong Advertiser, April 27, 1916, see here.

The Nar Nar Goon to Mirboo railway line

The Argus, October 17, 1911.

http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper

I came across this the other day. I can tell you that the Railway line never eventuated, but it would have been interesting if it had. Cora Lynn never got  a railway station - the closest stations were Tynong and Garfield on the Gippsland line and the Bayles and Catani Railway Stations on the Koo-Wee-Rup to Strezelecki line. This line opened on June 29, 1922 and closed in stages with the Catani station closing in April 1950 and Bayles in February 1959.

Here's what it says:

Railways Standing Committee

Nar Nar Goon to Mirboo

Cora Lynn, Monday – the Railways Standing Committee visited Cora Lynn today, and took evidence in the public hall in regard to the proposed railway route from Nar Nar Goon to Mirboo, via Cora Lynn and Modella. Over 100 persons were present.

Mr Melville, M.L.C., presided, and Messrs Billson and Warde were also present.

Evidence was given by Messrs Kinsella, Porter, Murdock and Dyer in favour of the proposed line, and all favoured it going through Cora Lynn, in order to tap land to the south of that township. Messrs Chambers and Schmutter (Modella League) favoured the same route, provided the line was carried through Modella.

 The Committee also took evidence at Nar Nar Goon and Messrs Reid and Latta were examined in regard to the proposed route. The latter gentleman said that he had been 29 (?) years on 700 acres of land and after that time his land was only now in a fit state to produce crops which would be valuable to him.

Tynong & District Coursing Club

A meeting was held in late August 1941 to form the Tynong & District Coursing Club. The President was Peter Gleeson and the Secretary was Ernest Oram. Peter Gleeson was a farmer at Tynong and Ernest Oram was the storekeeper at Tynong   I am unfamiliar with grey hound racing,   but apparently a Coursing Club conducts plumpton meetings where two greyhounds compete on a straight track and are released from a set of slips instead of a starting box.

The Argus September 1 1941, page 3

http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper

In the March of 1942 the newly formed club was allocated the rights to conduct the classic coursing events – the Derby and the Oaks. The report in The Argus, said that the Tynong Club has practically completed the building of a magnificent enclosure on a site distant a mile from the town.  The course was on the Gleeson property on the Eleven Mile Road, near the corner of the Nine Mile Road (the Tynong-Cora Lynn Road) near where Gleeson Road adjoins the Eleven Mile Road, today. The opening meeting was held on May 16, 1942. The events included an All aged stakes, two Bitch Puppy stakes, two Dog Puppy stakes and a Maiden stake.  The All Aged stake was won by Palm Grove, owned by Rupert Colliver, a neighbour of the Gleesons.

Various other meetings were held in 1942, including the Derby in July and the President’s Cup meeting in August. The prize for this event was a Cup plus £25, a fairly substantial prize, the equivalent of about one month’s wages. The Club also raised money for the Red Cross and by October 1942 had raised £200.

In 1943, the Tynong Club won the right to host the Waterloo Cup. The first Waterloo Cup was conducted in 1873 and the event is still being held, in fact the 2011 and 2012 Waterloo Cups were conducted at the Lang Lang Coursing track. The 1943 event took place over two Saturdays on July 31 and August 7.  It was won by Keep Elert, defeating Air Flash, and the prize was £250 pounds, plus a Cup. 

There are reports about races throughout the 1940s and the Tynong Club appears to have grown in status fairly quickly, in fact it was reported in the Gippsland Times of September 19, 1946 that the Sale Club aims to take some Tynong glory and get a classic such as the St Ledger, Oaks, Derby or the blue ribbon event of plumpton coursing, the Waterloo Cup. It failed to get the Waterloo Cup as Tynong hosted it again in 1947 and also in 1954. The 1954, the Cup was won by Byamee, who is in the Greyhound Hall of Fame for winning the event from 1953 to 1955.

An article in The Argus of February 17, 1954 talked about grey hound racing in general and the fact the Victorian Government was legislating to bring in ‘tin hare racing’.  I presume that previous to this, live hares were used as the lure. There had been reports in various papers on Trove http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper about community groups conducting ‘hare drives’ and bagging hares to be sent to the Tynong Coursing Club. The article also said that grey hound racing was at the cross roads and in the doldrums and that it had been unwise to change the venue of classics, such as the Waterloo Cup, and hold it in places that had  insufficient accommodation ...or accommodation unfit to house a greyhound, let alone humans.  I don’t know if that referred to Tynong, but it was a fairly isolated course, with the nearest accommodation being the Garfield, Nar Nar Goon or Pakenham Hotels.

In June 1955, Mr M. A. Cunningham, the treasurer of the Club, collected the major prize money for his four entries at the Tynong Club meeting.  In fact, one of his dogs, Belabek, left the crowd flabbergasted, when it won by 12 lengths.  The last line in the article was Fielders [bookmakers] said it was one of the worst days they had seen this season. The Tynong Coursing Club was still going in May 1956, but Dad thinks it didn’t go on for much longer after that.

Island Road School No. 3952

The Island Road School, formerly Dalmore East, opened June 23, 1919. The people of Dalmore East had been agitating for a school for a few years. In August 1916, Mr W. Giles, the Secretary of the Manks Road and District Farmers Association had written a letter to the Education Department with a list of 36 children who might attend the local school. In October 1916, the Education Department purchased one and a half acres of land from F. Wood for £20.00 per acre. A working bee was held to clear the land as the Education Department had a spare building in Koo-Wee-Rup that they were willing to move to Dalmore.  This building was the original Koo-Wee-Rup State School, No. 2629, building. School No. 2629 had opened on November 1, 1884 on the corner of Bethunes Road and the Koo-Wee-Rup to Bayles Road. It was originally known as Yallock School and changed its name to Koo-Wee-Rup on July 24, 1903. The building was shifted into Rossiter Road (where the Secondary College is) in September 1910. This building became redundant when a new building was opened in February 1915. It was this redundant building that the Education Department wanted to move to Dalmore East.

The School, in 1913, on the Rossiter Road site.

Photograph from the Koo-Wee-Rup Swamp Historical society collection.

Perhaps due to the War there were difficulties finding a contractor to re-locate the building and it wasn’t until May/June 1919 that a contractor could be found to move the School.  When it was opened on June 23, 1919 there were eighteen children enrolled –Alice Dixon, Annie Dixon, Ethel Dixon, Elsie Follett ,Vera Follett, Bessie Giles, Pauline Giles, Rosalind Levey, Wilfred Levey, David Mills, Alice Pepper, Gwendelon Pepper, Samuel Pepper, Sarah Pepper, Clara Wood, Clifford Wood, Emily Wood and Frank Wood. Another twelve children enrolled during the year. 

The first teacher was Miss Estella Forbes. Estella Forbes had previously taught at Flemington Primary School and this School had an average attendance of 580 students in 1915, so Island Road would have been a bit of a shock to her. Estella did not stay very long as the first year of operation saw a succession of teachers; after Estella there was Elizabeth Anderson, then Alexander Munro, then Eric Elliott who started in 1920 and left in 1923. This succession of teachers probably reflects the reality of teaching in a one teacher country school - many of these teachers would have been young; there was no school house so they would have had to board locally or else travel in from Koo-Wee-Rup on a horse, or as Eric did a bicycle. As well, resources were poor and the teachers complained about lack of basic resources such as desks and blackboards.  

The School, in 1969, at Island Road.

Photograph from the Koo-Wee-Rup Swamp Historical Society collection.

The School was surrounded by water in the December 1934 flood but it did not enter the actual building, although the shelter shed and outdoor toilets were inundated.  It was due  to the fact the school was an island during the flood that James Marshall, who was the teacher at the school from 1932 until 1936, suggested that the school change its name to Island Road School  and this was adopted in 1935. 

From 1919 until 1945 there had been 15 teachers at the school, and the school was closed for a short time in 1944-45 when no suitable accommodation for a teacher could be provided. This succession of teachers came to an end in 1945 when Allan Humphries was appointed, as he stayed until 1955. During his tenure, electricity was installed in 1953.
A Young Farmers Club was established at the school in 1939 by teacher Walter Koochew and in 1946 Allan Humphries started a Scout Troop, with himself as the Scout Leader.  Mr Humphries also started evening classes to teach English to the newly arrived migrants from Holland, Italy and Greece. After Humphries left in 1955 there was another succession of teachers with none staying more than three years.  At the time of the Island Road School Golden Jubilee celebrations and ‘Back-to’ in 1969, student numbers were down to seventeen. In a documet that we have at the Society, it was reported that in the fifty years the school had educated 344 students. Over 500 people attended the Golden Jubilee celebrations.  Island Road School, No.3952, closed in 1974 when enrolments were down to six. 

In 1984, Koo-Wee-Rup Primary School, No. 2629, celebrated its centenary and fittingly its original building was moved back onto the Koo-Wee-Rup Primary School site from Island Road that year.   

Cora Lynn October 20, 1937

These are State River and Water Supply Commission photographs taken on October 20, 1937 during the flood, at Cora Lynn.

Keast Hall, Cora Lynn

State Rivers & Water Supply Commission photograph KD 0438

This shows the Cora Lynn Hall, Keast Hall, named after William Keast (1866-1927). Keast was the Member of the Legislative Assembly for the area from 1900 to 1917.  It was to have been officially opened on June 13, 1911 however it had three feet of water through it, as noted by The Argus of June 14, 1911 (see here). The Hall was then officially opened in early August and it closed in the 1980s.

The Cora Lynn Cheese factory. 

I have written about the factory, here. 

State Rivers & Water Supply Commission photograph KD 0436

The Cora Lynn Store and the E.S. & A. Bank

State Rivers & Water Supply Commission photograph KD 0439

 The Cora Lynn Store opened in 1907, I have written about it here. The Bank opened, around January 1911.  In the 1950s it was staffed about a morning a week and closed in the early 1960s. The Cora Lynn State School, No. 3502,  is in the background, at the right. It opened January 1, 1907 and closed on May 29, 1951. The students and building were transferred to the Pakenham Consolidated school.

100 years ago this week - an account of two acccidents near Pakenham

An account of two dray accidents appeared in the South Bourke and Mornington Journal, 100 years ago this week, in May 1913.

South Bourke and Mornington Journal May 8, 1913. Page 5.

How to spell Koo Wee Rup

Who was the first white child born on the Koo-Wee-Rup Swamp?

According to Mickle Memoirs of Koo-Wee-Rup written by Dave Mickle, the first white or European baby born in the town of Koo-Wee-Rup was John Leslie O’Riordan who was born in August 1892. John’s parents, John and Elizabeth, had opened the first store in the town in 1890. I checked the Victorian Births Deaths and Marriages Indexes (BDMs) and they list Horace Napier Mackenzie as being born in Koo-Wee-Rup in 1891, the year before John, so should Horace get the credit for being the first European baby born in Koo-Wee-Rup?  Horace’s parents were George and Grace Mackenzie. Grace was the teacher at the Yallock, later known as Koo-Wee-Rup State School, from 1888 until 1911.  The other baby listed as being born in 1892 was Andrew Clark, the son of John and Barbara Clark. I imagine these births were registered at Cranbourne as they had a Registrar of Births and Deaths, Alexander Duff, who was appointed in 1855. Koo-Wee-Rup’s first Registrar was Alexander Leithhead, who was appointed in June 1894.

Then I wondered if we could determine was the first white baby born on the Swamp, in general, not the town of Koo-Wee-Rup. There were many men working on the creation of the Main Drain between 1889 and 1893, at one time over 500 were employed - many of whom had their families with them and after the adoption of Carlo Catani’s Village settlement scheme more families arrived and lived on their allocated twenty acre block – by September 1894 there was said to be 230 families on the Swamp or 1280 persons.

Once again I checked the BDMs to see what Swamp babies I could find - Yallock, the Village settlement outside of Bayles, had eight babies listed between 1892 and 1895. One of the problems in determining birth places is that it seems that many babies in the BDMs have the place of registration listed as the place of birth. The first Registrar at the eastern end of the Swamp was not appointed until January 1, 1895 when James Pincott was appointed for Bunyip South (as Iona was previously known). In 1894 no babies were listed as being born in Bunyip South but in 1895, 49 were registered, 69 the next year and 49 in 1897. As a comparison, in 1895 only 36 babies were registered at Dandenong so that’s a lot of babies and I suspect that due to travel difficulties many parents had put off registering their children until a Registrar was appointed locally.

Even to get to Nar Nar Goon, which had a Registrar since 1887, would have been a long journey. Nar Nar Goon had 64 babies registered between 1889 to 1895. Garfield did not get a Registrar until September 1899 when John Daly was appointed and eight births were registered in 1900, these are the first births listed at Garfield in the BDMs, though it seems unlikely there had been no births in the town in the previous twenty or so years.  Previous to this it appears that Garfield babies were registered elsewhere – for instance Ingebert and Mary Gunnulson (he was a Garfield builder) registered babies at Nar Nar Goon in 1889,1890, 1892 and 1894, in 1896 at Bunyip South and in 1900 at Garfield.  George and Mary Brownbill registered babies at Bunyip South in 1896 and 1898 and Garfield in 1901.  So this shows the difficulty in determining how many babies were born on the Swamp and who was the first.

Most of these early births would not have had a Doctor present. There was one at Cranbourne, at least from 1866, though a report said that he was a clever man, but one who had the habit that many otherwise good man has fallen victim to. The Minister [Alexander Duff, the Presbyterian Minister] kept his books and instruments and for special cases he sobered up for a couple of days, the hotel being tabooed to him till he had completed the case in hand. It may well have be less risky not to have a doctor attend. A doctor visited Koo-Wee-Rup weekly from Cranbourne from around 1900 and the first resident Doctor in the town came in the 1920s. A Bush Nursing Hospital with a skilled nurse opened in Koo-Wee-Rup in July 1918. Many women, especially in rural areas, would have had a local midwife, usually very experienced but with no formal qualifications attend to her when she gave birth at home. The availability of nurses and doctors would partly account for the improvement in the infant mortality rate. In the 1890s, this rate varied from ten to thirteen percent, that is for every 1,000 babies born, 100 to 130 babies would die under the age of one. In the 1920s this rate had dropped to around six percent.

There was an interesting case reported in The Argus in May 1893 – the headline on the May 8 story was Supposed child murder at Koo-Wee-Rup. The body of baby boy was found buried in a box. The police interviewed Mrs Johnson, an experienced nurse, who had helped deliver the baby of a Mrs Parker on February 4, 1893.When Mrs Johnson had arrived Mrs Parker was lying in a miserable bed with only a piece of blue blanket for covering and alongside the bed was the dead body of a well grown fully developed male child. When Mrs Johnson returned the next day the baby had gone and she was told that the father on the baby, Michael O’Shea, had buried the baby. Subsequently Ellen Parker and Michael O’Shea were charged with causing the death of the child and arrested. You can read the full article on Trove, here.

The account of the inquest, in The Argus of May 17 1893 (reproduced from Trove, left) said that both Ellen and Michael belonged to a rough and very unrefined order of society. The jury decided that there was insufficient evidence to convict the accused and they were found to be not guilty. A very sad state of affairs for all concerned and it especially brings to focus the hard life the early settlers lived on the Swamp, with primitive, wet conditions, no decent housing, no schooling for the children, poor wages and no medical help.

This brings us back to the first question as to who was the first white baby born at Koo-Wee-Rup or on the Swamp.  In the end, it doesn’t really matter. Of more importance is the quality of life and I can report that of the first three babies said to have been born in the town of Koo-Wee-Rup, John O’Riordan, Horace Mackenzie and Andrew Clark all had more fortunate lives than the poor, little baby born to Ellen Parker, as John lived until he was 85, Horace lived until he was 93 and even Andrew Clark (whom I know nothing else about) lived until he was 67.

Koo-wee-rup, the racehorse

I looked on Trove to see when Koo Wee Rup had its first press mention. The earliest report was July 1, 1856 (1) however in October 1868 I found the first mention of a racehorse called Koo-wee-rup, so I thought I would tell you about the horse.  The horse’s name was usually spelt as Koo-wee-rup, so that’s the way we will spell it. 

The horse was owned by Dr L.O Patterson. I believe this was Leslie Ogilby Patterson, the son of James and Mary (nee Ogilby) Patterson of Robe Street, St Kilda.  James Patterson was also a Doctor, and was Mayor of St Kilda at one time. Leslie Patterson was involved with the Melbourne Hunt Club  and he and his wife left Melbourne for London in December 1870. He died at the age of 80, in London, on July 1, 1910 (2). It would be interesting to know why the horse was called Koo-wee-rup. 

Koo-wee-rup, was entered in the Maiden Plate on the first day of the Victoria Racing Club’s Spring Meeting which was held on Thursday to Saturday, November 5-7, 1868.  The Maiden Plate was for three year olds, over a mile and a half. A report of the race described Koo-wee-rup, like the majority of Touchstone’s progeny, appeared small and weedy. In the end, Palmerston won the race with Koo-wee-rup, who threw his rider directly the flag fell, bringing up the rear. (3).

In March 1869, Koo-wee-rup was entered the Helter Skelter Stakes of the Victorian Racing Club’s Autumn Meeting, which he won  in a canter by half a dozen lengths (4). The horse was then sold to Mr Clarke for £41 (5).  This is possibly Charles Clarke, of Diggers Rest, who is listed in various newspapers reports as owning other racehorses around this time (6). Mr Clarke entered Koo-wee-rup in the District Plate in the Woodstock Races in May 1869, which he won. However it oozed out that a protest had been lodged against him on account of his owner not residing within a radius of fifteen miles of the district. The stewards reserved their decision until a future day (7). 

In November 1870, Koo-wee-rup was entered in the Footscray Plate on Derby Day. His Royal Highness, The Duke of Edinburgh (Queen Victoria’s son) was in attendance on the day (8). According to The Argus - Koo-wee-rup was the first to show in front. Ghenghis Khan got away very badly, but soon went through his horses and took first place, Orphan being second. At the Abattoirs Koo-wee-rup again took the lead, Stockings being second, and Orphan third. Coming into the straight running, Koo-wee-rup was still leading, the others being close up, and the whips being plied freely in all directions. The Dane came to the front soon after passing the turn, and won with comparative ease, Kooweerup being second and Orlando third, Maid of the Mist fourth, the others tailing off very much. A protest was lodged against The Dane by the owner of the second horse for a cross coming up the straight running. After hearing the evidence, the stewards dismissed the protest.(9).

In March 1871, at the Geelong Races the day’s sports wound up with a Hack race, for which seven started - Koo-wee-rup won the first heat of the hack race, and broke down badly in the second (10).   In late November 1871 at the Ballarat Turf Club Spring meeting Koo-wee-rup was one of five starters in the Scurry Stakes which was carried off with ease by Koo-wee-rup, Stafford being second, and Teddington third. Koo-wee-rup, however, by a subsequent decision was disqualified, as being underweight (11).The horse was disqualified because the jockey was found to be 4 pounds underweight at the after-race weigh-in (12).

On December 15, 1871 Koo-wee-rup won the Stewards Cup at the Talbot Races, beating six others and was then sold for £42 to Mr P. Glenister (13). I believe this was Philip Glenister, bookmaker and racehorse owner (14). The final mention I could find of Koo-wee-rup was at the Croxton Park Race meeting on Boxing Day, 1871. The horse was entered in the Selling race, where he didn't place, and later at the same meeting entered in the Flying Handicap, a one mile race. Six of the ten horses that entered the race started, with Koo-wee-rup a favourite -  having a fair share of admirers at advanced odds (15). He started well - The favourite was always amongst the front division, and after Koo-wee-rup fell at the other side of the course, just as he was about to make his effort, the result appeared to be in no doubt (16).  The fall resulted in a broken leg (17). 

It was a sad end for our racehorse.

Trove list

I have created a list of articles on Trove on Koo-wee-rup, the racehorse as well as the owners - Leslie Patterson, Charles Clarke and Philip Glenister, access it here.

Footnotes
(1) The Argus, July 1, 1856, see here.
(2) Information from various articles in my Trove list, here. I cannot find any mention of his wife's name - I assume he was married as the shipping report listed Dr L.O Patterson (Staff Surgeon) and Mrs Patterson, see The Leader, December 10 1870, here.
(3) The Argus, November 6, 1868, see here.
(4) The Argus, November 6, 1868, see here.

(5) The Argus, March 30, 1869, see here.

(6) The Weekly Times, August 28, 1875, see here.

(7) The Argus, May 24, 1869, see here.

(8) The Argus, November 7, 1870, see here.

(9) The Argus, November 7, 1870, see here.

(10) Ballarat Star, March 3, 1871, see here.

(11) The Argus, December 1, 1871, see here. 

(12) The Australasian, December 9 1871, here.

(13) The Argus, December 16, 1871, see here.

(14) Gosford Times, December 11, 1919, see here.

(15) The Australasian, December 30, 1871, see here.

(16) The Australasian, December 30, 1871, see here.

(17) The Argus, December 27, 1871, see here.

Vervale

Vervale is a little known town or locality between Cora Lynn and Iona. I grew up in Vervale, although I often say Cora Lynn, because no-one has heard of Vervale,  Most people haven't heard of Cora Lynn either, but it's slightly more well known.  The name Vervale wasn't applied to the area until 1917, more of which later.

Vervale had a State School, and although it had three names it was never called Vervale. State School No. 3201, located on the corner of Thirteen Mile Road and Main Drain Road, was established in 1894 as Koo Wee Rup North School, changed its name in 1899 to Bunyip South and changed its name again in 1905 to Iona. The School closed December 1993. (1)

Vervale didn’t have a lot of facilities – there were no Churches, for instance. Until around 1960 Methodist and Presbyterian Services were held on alternate Sundays at the Cora Lynn Hall, or Presbyterians could attend the Iona Presbyterian Church. Catholics could attend St Josephs Church at Iona and those of the Methodist and Anglican faiths could attend Churches in Garfield. (2) There were no Vervale sporting teams – you had to go to either Cora Lynn or Garfield to play sport.

Vervale did have a  General Store and Post Office, established in 1907 by John Andrew Kirwan. John had married Alice Gleeson in 1904 and they had six children - Isabell Mina (born 1906, birth registered at Northcote),  John Andrew James (1908, Northcote), Henry Patrick (1910, Clifton Hill), Thomas Michael (1912, Bunyip South), Mary (1914, Bunyip South), Margaret Sarah (1916, Garfield).  Sadly Alice died on March 3, 1917 aged only 32. She was buried at the Bunyip Cemetery. John died only five years later, on August 22, 1921, he was buried at Fawkner Cemetery.  (3)

Alice Kirwan's death notice

The Argus, March 5, 1917 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article1601447

John Kirwan's death notice

The Age, August 25, 1921 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article206711686

However, at the time of Alice's death, John had lost the right to operate the Post Office, as the Bunyip Free Press reported -  for some year residents of Iona obtained their mail at Kirwans’ store. Since Mr Kirwan was fined for selling liquor without a license the Postal authorities have removed the post office to the residence of Mr Clark. (4) This was possibly Richard Clarke, listed in the Electoral Roll in 1916 as a farmer at Iona, with his wife Ethel Edith Clarke.

John still operated the General Store, which possibly due to the death of his wife, he sold  in 1917 to James and Edith McMannis. (5)  I assume the Post Office was returned to the General Store when the McMannis couple took it over. In 1920 James McMannis was awarded the tender for the local mail service.

Mail Service tender

Commonwealth of Australia Gazette , September 30, 1920  http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232517605

Mr McMannis died April 9, 1959, aged 90, and Mrs McMannis died June 4, 1967, aged 88, thus ending 51 years of store ownership. (6)  I only remember going there once, it must have been just before Mrs McMannis died and all I remember was that Mrs McMannis looked really old. Given that she must have been well into her eighties and I was only about seven, it's not surprising. Mr and Mrs McMannis are buried at the Bunyip cemetery.

The name Vervale was adopted for the area in 1917, when at a Berwick Shire Council meeting held on September 8th 1917 it was recorded that communication had been received from the Post Master Generals Department approving the change of name of the Post Office  from Kirwan's to Vervale.  (7) 

The adoption of the name Vervale

South Bourke & Mornington Journal, September 13, 1917  http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article66192725

The name was then adopted for the surrounding area which had previously had various other names. It was sometimes referred to as Kirwans; however, the Shire of Berwick Rate Books listed ratepayers in the area with the address of either Cora Lynn or Iona. In the 1916 Rate Books, some of these same ratepayers had Clarke’s Post Office as their address (after the new Post office manager). From the 1917 Rate books the name changed to Vervale, which was first written as Vere Vale. (8). Vervale means “green valley”, a bit  ironic as  it is just flat Swamp land. 

Vervale General Store and Post Office, taken 1967 or 1969.

National Archives of Australia photograph. www.naa.gov.au

However, Vervale does have one claim to fame as it was the first place in Victoria in which asparagus was commercially grown. Thomas Roxburgh, who was a Shipping Agent, planted the first commercial crop of asparagus at his farm on Fallon Road,  Cheriton Park, though locally it was referred to as Roxburgh Park. The earliest reference I can find to this planting is an article in The Argus from 1912.

Asparagus Culture

The Argus,  May 8, 1912, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11673611

It's a bit hard to read - so here's what it says.   Asparagus Culture.  Bunyip, Tuesday. - Mr Roxborough, an enterprising resident of Melbourne, who owns land on the Koo-wee-rup Swamp, has grown nine acres of asparagus at Iona, and a jam company has offered to erect a canning factory on the land if he grows 20 acres.

The jam company, was, I presume A.J.C., as the farm was later called the A.J.C farm. Even though it says Iona it was really Vervale, but as I said before, Vervale  wasn't used as a name until about 1917. You can read more about Thomas Roxburgh and asparagus growing, here.

Footnotes

(1) I have written about the school here   https://kooweerupswamphistory.blogspot.com/2018/06/early-swamp-schools.html

(2) I have written about the Churches here   https://kooweerupswamphistory.blogspot.com/2018/10/the-1910s-spiritual-decade-for-iona.html and here https://kooweerupswamphistory.blogspot.com/2015/11/cora-lynn-church.html 

(3) John Andrew Kirwan, was the son of Henry Patrick and Sarah (nee Crowe) born in Geelong in 1868. Alice was the daughter of James and Margaret Gleeson. Information about the children from the Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages.

(4) Bunyip Free Press, December 2, 1915, see here.

(5) Shire of Berwick Rate Books

(6) Death dates - headstone at Bunyip Cemetery -https://www.australiancemeteries.com.au/vic/cardinia/bunyip.htm  James McMannis was the son of  Frank and Ann (nee Fitzgerald) McMannis, born in Piggoret in 1869. Edith Carter McMannis, was the daughter of Phillip and Charlotte Emma (nee Taylor) Williams, born in 1879 at  Mologa (between Pyramid Hill and Mitiamo). They married in 1904. 

(7) Other reports of the name change - 

Dandenong Advertiser, September 13, 1917 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/88818260

Pakenham Gazette, September 14, 1917 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/92155922

(8) Shire of Berwick Rate Books