Monday, October 18, 2021

Christopher Moody (1833-1920)

Moody’s Inlet, which runs into Western Port Bay near Tooradin, and Moody Street in Koo Wee Rup are both named after Christopher Moody. Who was Christopher Moody?


Christopher Moody
Image: Koo Wee Rup Swamp Historical Society

Christopher Moody was born in Shepton Mallett in Somerset on February 7, 1833 to Austin Moody and his wife Jane (nee Perrett) (1). His father is listed in the 1851 English Census as 'a farmer of 180 acres employing 5 labourers,' thus, Christopher had a middle class upbringing. However, not being the eldest son and having, I believe, fourteen siblings (2), Christopher had to make his own way in the world and he immigrated to Victoria, arriving on the Morning Star in August 1854 (3)

He went to Commeralgyp Station (4)  at Rokewood, south of Ballarat to work and remained there until 1860 when he established the Barclay Flour Mills at Rokewood Junction (5).  It was described in the Geelong Advertiser in March 1867 - 
A visit to Moody's flour mill, or more properly called Barclay's mill, situated three miles from Rokewood, will show colonial enterprise. The building has only been erected nine months. It is built of wood, forty-five by twenty-five feet, in six flats. At the present time two stones are in operation, driven by a fourteen horse-power engine, producing above five hundred bushels of pulse per week, but the proprietor is so much pressed that two additional stones will be added shortly. The grain is received principally from the Ondit district (6)

Christopher married Jane Halbert Hyslop on October 6, 1863 in a Presbyterian ceremony at Junction Diggings, in the Rokewood District. They were both 30 years old and their address was Roseneath Farm (7). They had eight children, all born at Rokewood -  Clara (1864-1906), John Austin (1865-1867), Isabella Mary (1868-1940), Edith (1869-1927), Jessie (1870-1960), Jane (b. & d.1872), Christopher John (1873-1943) and Celia (1874-1958) (8). 

Christopher purchased 1,686 acres of the Great Swamp Run at the land sales held on March 25, 1875 for the amount of £2,451 (9). Moody and the other land owners had to clear and drain their land. The family lived on their property called Invermead, on the South Gippsland Highway, east of the Inlets. The homestead had a dairy, workshops, slaughter house, poultry pens, pigstyes and kitchen garden (10). 

Moody was elected as a Cranbourne Shire Councillor in 1884 and served until his resignation in January 1894 (11).  His obituary in the Koo Wee Rup Sun of November 18, 1920 said that in all municipal matters, especially on roads, his sound and practical knowledge made his services of value. Moody was one of the strong personalities on the Council and Niel Gunson, in his book The Good Country, describes him as an astute councillor and man of inflexible principle (12).

In 1890, Moody who owned what was to become the site of the Koo Wee Rup township sub-divided the land between Rossiter Road and the Main Drain and Denham’s Road and the Highway. Very little of the land was sold due to the 1890s depression. The sub-division set out Moody, Gardner (called Koo Wee Rup Street by Moody), Henry (called Christopher Street by Moody) and Salmon Streets (13).

Christopher Moody was a public spirited man who exercised influence for the advancement of the district (14). Moody donated the land for the Presbyterian Church and the Public Hall in Koo Wee Rup (15) and he was a Vice President of the Tooradin Mechanics’ Institute which opened Boxing Day 1882 and a member of the Tooradin State School Board, which had opened in 1875 (16)

Jane Moody died on December 8, 1885 at the age of 51, and is buried at Cranbourne cemetery. Of Christopher and Jane Moody’s children it would appear that only one of them married – Jessie married Edward Percy Walker in 1898. Edward and his father operated the Tooradin store for a while and after his marriage, Edward had a store at Lang Lang and later at Dandenong (17). Jessie and Edward  had seven children - Jean, Christopher, George, Marion, Edward, Keith and Lachlan. The five sons all enlisted in the Army in the Second World War. Their eldest son, Christopher, was the chief sub-editor and assistant editor of the Melbourne Sun when he enlisted. A report at the time of his death said that he preferred to fight as a Private rather than accept a commission as official broadcaster. He was killed fighting in Syria in June 1941 (18).

Christopher Moody moved to his house, Shepton, in Rossiter Road in Koo Wee Rup when it was built in 1902. He died on November 17, 1920. A report in The Argus in January 1921 said that his Estate was worth £51,862 of which £3,910 was real estate and the £47,952 other assets (19). In this Will dated April 7, 1910 Moody left the Shepton estate of 586 acres, together with all the rest of his real estate to his son, Christopher. The residual of the Estate was to be sold and  divided into five equal shares for his son and daughters Isabella, Jessie and Celia. His other daughter, Edith, was to receive the income from her share to support her, and if this was not enough, then part of the principle. After Edith’s death the Will stated that the remaining part of her share was to be divided equally between the Melbourne, the Alfred, the Austin and St Vincent’s Hospitals. This suggests that she was unwell or in need of support, even in 1910 when the Will was written (20). After Edith died on October 24, 1927 her share of the Estate was distributed to the four Hospitals. In 1927 this amounted to £7,200, and in 1929 another £1,147 was distributed (20)

Christopher Moody is buried at Lang Lang, for some reason not at Cranbourne with his wife. The head stone also has the incorrect date on it and says he died in 1921. It seems a bit of a sad end for a man who contributed so much to the Community.

Koo Wee Rup Sun obituary
Some of this information was taken from his Obituary published in the Koo Wee Rup Sun, Thursday, November 18, 1920. It is transcribed here -
A link binding the present with the past has been severed on the death of Mr Christopher Moody, sen., which sad event took place at his residence, "Shepton," Kooweerup, early on Wednesday morning. The deceased, who was 88 years of age, had been ailing for some time, and despite the best medical attention and tender nursing he passed away as above stated. The late Mr Moody was born on February 7, 1833 at Shepton Mallett, Somerset, England. He left Liverpool on June 5, 1854, when 21 years of age, in the Morning Star, arriving at Hobson's Bay on August 20. Immediately after landing he went to Commeralgyp Station, Rokewood. After experiencing several years of station life, he established Barkley flour mills at Rokewood Junction, in the Ballarat district, in 1860. In 1870 he came to the Gippsland district and bought 2000 acres on the Kooweerup Swamp, part of which the township is now on. While here he built "Invermead," which is now occupied by Mr. R. Preston. These were stirring days, and only those associated with the hardship and struggles of the pioneers have any conception of what had to be faced. While living here many pioneers when passing through found in deceased a hospitable friend and guide. He later built a place near the Monomeith station, and later still erected "Shepton," where he has since resided. Deceased was a public-spirited man and exercised his influence for the advancement of the district. He served in the Leigh Shire Council for nine years, and was a member of the Cranbourne Council for a similar period. In all municipal matters, especially on roads, his sound and practical knowledge made his services of value. He was the first to advocate the use of swamp gravel on the roads in these parts, and in other respects he earned the appreciation of both councillors and ratepayers as a sterling worker. His wife pre-deceased him 35 years ago. He leaves one son and four daughters to mourn the loss of an upright and devoted father, and the district will be bereft of a good and honest citizen. The remains will be privately interred in the Lang Lang Cemetery to-day (Thursday) in the Anglican portion of the cemetery.

Trove list - I have created a short list of newspaper articles on Trove, on Christopher Moody and his extended family. All articles referenced here are on the list, which you can access here.

Footnotes
(1) Birth date from obituary - Koo Wee Rup Sun Thursday November 18, 1920 -  and parents from marriage certificate. There are some sources which list his mother's surname as Berkley, but the marriage certificate says Perrett. 
(2) Various family trees on Ancestry list the 15 children of Austin and Jane  Moody. Christopher's younger brother Charles also migrated to Victoria and lived locally. Charles Moody died at his property Milford, in Pakenham on May 18, 1926, at the age of 91.
(3) Obituary - Koo Wee Rup Sun Thursday November 18, 1920
(4) Commeralgyp Station  - listed as Commeralghip in Pastoral Pioneers of Port Phillip by R. V. Billis & A.S. Kenyon (Stockland Press, 1974). It had 25, 574 acres and was first taken up in 1838. It was leased by John Cullen from March 1875 until August 1857; then Richard Lewis had the lease until January 1862, so these would be the two men who Moody worked for.
(5) Listed on obituary as Barkley flour mill.
(6) Geelong Advertiser, March 25, 1867, see here.
(7) Information from marriage certificate. Her parents are listed as John Hyslop and Mary Brownrig. The witnesses were Thomas Hyslop and the second signature looks like Bridget Bettina Hawkins. A Thomas Hyslop is listed as holding the licence of Hyslop's Hotel, Rokewood Junction in 1872 (Geelong Advertiser, December 19, 1872, see here) He died May 2, 1877 at Rokewood Junction, aged 60 (Ballarat Courier, May 4, 1877, see here) His parents were John Hyslop and Jane Halbert, so I presume he was Jane Moody's cousin. I have no information about Bridget Hawkins, assuming that  was the name of the second witness. Roseneath Farm - Edward Johns had a Roseneath Farm in the 1860s in the Carngham Roads Board District - see below. Carngham is north of Rokewood, but still in the Ballarat area, so this is possibly the place where the couple were living and working (?) at the time of their marriage.



(8) Indexes to the Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages.
(9) Gunson, Niel The Good Country: Cranbourne Shire  (Cheshire, 1968), p. 125
(10) Gunson. op. cit., p. 127
(11) Gunson, op. cit. 
(12) Gunson,op. cit.,  p. 93
(13) Mickle, David  Mickle Memories of Koo Wee Rup - for young and old  (The Author, 1983), p. 18.
(14) Obituary - Koo Wee Rup Sun Thursday November 18, 1920
(15) Gunson, op. cit., p. 166.
(16) Tooradin : 125 years of coastal history - Blind Bight, Cannons Creek, Dalmore, Sherwood, Tooradin North and Warneet. Published by the Tooradin celebrates together 125 years Education Committee in 2000. 
(17) Gunson, op. cit., p. 167.  See articles in my Trove list regarding the various locations where the Walkers operated.
(18) Dandenong Journal, October 1, 1941, see here.
(19) The Argus, January 28, 1921, see here.
(20) Christopher Moody's will is on-line at www.prov.vic.gov.au
(21) The Argus, December 23, 1927, see here; The Herald September 25, 1929, see  here.

Saturday, October 9, 2021

Mr Nutting 'invents' a new type of Ute

The Argus of October 13, 1936 published the following article

A NEW TYPE OF COUPE UTILITY Victorian's Invention
An interesting variation of the coupe utility type of coachwork has been invented in Victoria. It gives all the goods carrying facilities of the usual type, but the tray can be converted to a lorry type in

a few seconds, or can be folded so that the vehicle is indistinguishable from an ordinary private coupe car. Last week Mr. A. C. Nutting, the proprietor of general stores at Garfield and Catani, who was largely responsible for the design, demonstrated a vehicle built to his specifications to General Motors-Holden's Ltd., who have expressed considerable interest in it.


Mr. Nutting has used the vehicle for some time in his business, and claims that it has several advantages over the usual coupe utility. For example, it can protect bulky loads from the weather; it can be adjusted to take long articles which extend over the rear of the vehicle; and when folded down does not possess the appearance of a commercial vehicle, and, consequently, does not look out of place for social use.

The construction is simple. The boot cover, which is substantially built, is hinged in two places, so that when unfolded half of it forms an extension to the floor of the boot and the other half forms the rear flap of the goods tray. On this rear flap the two side pieces are hinged. Mr. Nutting's car is a Ford Ten, and the floor space for goods obtained with his patented coachwork is about 5ft. 3in. by 4ft. It is believed that a rather similar type of coachwork has been developed with considerable success in America
(1).

This is the image which accompanied the article. The caption reads - Above, as a coupe. In the centre, opened for carrying goods which may extend over the rear platform. Below, as a utility with bows in place for covering in wet weather.

I don't believe Mr Nutting's design went into full production, but it was an innovative solution which allowed him to carry out deliveries in a motor car, rather than having to purchase a truck, and this was the same rationale behind the invention of the standard Utility. There are various versions on the Internet as to how and why the Ford utility was invented - the story goes that  in 1932 or 1933  a 'farmers wife' from Gippsland wrote to Ford Australia asking if they could produce a vehicle which could be used for 'going to church on Sunday and to  take the pigs to market on Monday'. I have read somewhere that the farmer's wife was actually from Bunyip.  The Managing Director of Ford, Hubert French, passed the letter onto Louis Thornet Bandt of the design team and the first Ford coupe utility was built at Ford's Geelong Plant in 1934 (2). The Ford Utility thus predates Mr Nutting's 'invention' by two years, but the benefit of his design was that goods could be carried in the standard boot, or the space could be extended to take longer items and a cover could also be fitted for protection from rain. 

Who was Mr Nutting?  Arthur Clive Nutting was born in Carlton on February 19, 1896 to George and Emilie (nee Sears) Nutting. George was a tinsmith and the family lived at 70 McIlwraith Street in North Carlton (3).  On April 27, 1916 Arthur enlisted in the A.I.F. His occupation was listed as a Clerk and he was 20 years old. Arthur embarked on May 20 and after serving overseas he Returned to Australia July 23, 1919. Arthur also served in the Volunteer Defence Corps in the Second World War (4).  In April 1920, Arthur was admitted as a Licentiate of the Incorporated Institute of Accountants (5).  During the early 1920s he was employed in the Commonwealth Public Service War Service Home Commission until his resignation in November 1922 (6).

In 1923, Arthur married Connie Eunice Grace Smith (known as Eunice) the daughter Andrew and Emily (nee Wildman) Smith. They had three children that I can trace - Donald George, Robert Arthur and Heather Elizabeth (7). The family lived  at 292 Riversdale Road in Auburn until 1926 when they moved to Catani to operate the General Store (8). The store had been established by Robert Bush in 1922 (9) in the newly created town on the Koo Wee Rup to Strzelecki Railway line. In November 1927, Arthur successfully applied to the Cranbourne Shire to install a petrol pump in front of the shop (10). He also applied at the same time to the Licensing Court for a Spirit's Merchant's and Grocer's Licence (11). Whilst living at Catani the family took part in the social life of the community - in February 1927 Arthur was the Secretary of the Yannathan and Catani Picnic Race Club and the next year he was the President of the Catani Tennis Club (12).


Catani State School 1931.
Arthur and Connie's son, Don, is fourth from left in the front row (13).
Image: Koo Wee Rup Swamp Historical Society.

In January 1929, the family had a narrow escape from a fire, an unusual fire, except if you are living in a town on a reclaimed Swamp, like Catani was - this is the report from The Age -  The store of Mr. Nutting, of Catani, narrowly escaped destruction by fire yesterday. The peat near the store had been burning for some days, and yesterday's high wind caused the fire to spread rapidly. Owing to the peat burning some distance under the surface, a trench had to be dug on three sides of the buildings. A large number of neighboring farmers gave valuable assistance in saving the premises. The railway buildings were also threatened at one stage (14).

In 1930, the Nuttings, who had been renting the Catani store from Robert Bush, purchased a store in Garfield, however he still continued to operate the Catani store until 1936, as far as I can tell from the Cranbourne Shire Rate books. They moved to Garfield around March 1932 (15).

Arthur was a man who saw a future in motor cars, because in 1934 he applied to the Berwick Shire to have  a petrol pump installed in front of his store and this was granted (16). Once again, the family involved themselves with the community - in 1933 Arthur was elected as President of the Garfield Golf Club and he was later the Secretary. In 1940, Arthur was elected as the inaugural President of the Garfield branch of the Victorian Bush Nursing Association. In 1933, Eunice was elected as the secretary of the Garfield Country Women's Association and in  1935 she was the Secretary of the newly formed Baby Health Care Centre in Garfield and she was also the Vice President of the Mothers Club (17)

It was in October 1936 when Arthur demonstrated a vehicle built to his specifications to General Motors-Holden's Ltd. (18) The Nuttings, as well as operating the store at Garfield also had a farm as  there are a numerous references of sales of his merino sheep in the Newmarket sales reports (19). The farm was sold in 1945 and the store was sold in 1950, but the Nuttings had already left Garfield for Black Rock in 1943, where they lived at 32 Ebden Avenue (20). Eunice was the inaugural President of the Black Rock branch of the Country Women's Association, established in February 1946. At its first anniversary celebration it had 150 members. (21)


The Nuttings home after Garfield, Black Rock House.
Black Rock House. Photographer: Rose Stereograph Co.
State Library of Victoria Image H32492/5101

The Nuttings moved (22) to the original house in Black Rock, Black Rock House, which had been built in 1856 for Charles Ebden - the house gave the suburb its name (23).  In August 1973, Arthur Nutting applied to the Sandringham Council for permission to demolish the house to build flats. The application to demolish the house was refused, after some involvement from the National Trust and other interested parties. The Age newspaper of August 14, 1973, also published an interesting article, written by Peter Smark, about the building, under the head line - Time to  stop developer - If the hammer falls the council and people of the area will have proved they care nothing about the origins of their place and Melbourne as a whole will have shown it has learned nothing (24).


The garden walls of Black Rock House, Black Rock, the property 
the Nuttings moved to when they left Garfield.
Black Rock House and Fortifications, c. 1905.
Image is cropped from a postcard. State Library of Victoria Image H90.140/55

Further in the article Peter Smark wrote about the significance of the building Black Rock House was built of timber and sandstone quarried from nearby Quiet Corner area in 1856-57. It was designed by Clauscen and Becker for Mr Charles H. Ebden, and the superb stonework on the garden walls is by John and Patrick Barrow, two of the best stone craftsmen then working in the Port Phillip Bay area.  Mr Ebden was a man of some importance. Before separation he was the Port Phillip District's member in the NSW Legislative Council. He later served as Auditor-General to Lieutenant-Governor LaTrobe and was Treasurer and member of the first Victorian Legislative Council (25).

In 1974, Black Rock House was purchased by the City of Sandringham Council for $66,000, with two thirds of the money being a State Government grant. (26). The property has been restored and renovated and is now open to the public,   https://www.blackrockhouse.org.au/

Arthur Nutting, World War One veteran, Accountant, Storekeeper and the inventor of a new type of Ute, died November 13, 1978, aged 82 and his wife, Eunice, died April 10,  1983, aged 81. They were cremated and their ashes at the Springvale Botanical Cemetery (27).


Trove list - I have created a list of articles on Arthur Nutting and his family, access it here.

Footnotes
(1) The Argus, October 13, 1936, see here.
(2) Two versions of the story https://web.archive.org/web/20100412152629/http://www.fastlane.com.au/Features/First_ute.htm
and https://hidrive.com.au/a-brief-history-of-the-ute/
(3) Date of birth from his listing on the Springvale Botanical Cemetery website, here. Address and father's occupation from the Electoral Rolls on Ancestry.com
(4) World War One record https://recordsearch.naa.gov.au/SearchNRetrieve/Interface/ViewImage.aspx?B=7991299
World War Two https://nominal-rolls.dva.gov.au/ww2
(5) The Herald, April 22, 1920, see here.
(6) Commonwealth of Australia Gazette December 28, 1922, see here and resignation Commonwealth of Australia Gazette, March 22, 1923, see here.
(7) Victorian Births, Deaths and Marriages Index; children listed with them in the Electoral Rolls and Donald served in World War Two https://nominal-rolls.dva.gov.au/ww2 He was born August 2, 1924.
(8) Date of arrival in Catani from the Electoral Rolls - in 1927 they were listed at Riversdale Road, and in 1928 Arthur was listed as a Merchant at Catani. As he became the Secretary of the Yannathan and Catani Pony Races in February 1927, I believe they must have been in the town in 1926, in spite of what the Electoral Roll says.
(9) https://carlocatani.blogspot.com/2018/10/the-town-of-catani.html
(10) Dandenong Journal, December 10, 1927, see here.
(11) The Argus, November 22, 1927, see here.
(12) The Argus, February 24 1927, see here; The Argus, April 3, 1928, see here.
(13) The Photo was labelled with most of the names when it was donated to the Koo Wee Rup Historical Society in 2020.
(14) The Age, January 19, 1929, see here.
(15) Shire of Berwick and Shire of Cranbourne Rate Books. The Koo Wee Rup Sun of March 3, 1932 on page 1, reported that Mr A.C Nutting has taken up his residence at Garfield
(16) Dandenong Journal, August 23, 1934, see here.
(17) The Age, April 25, 1933, see here; https://kooweerupswamphistory.blogspot.com/2014/08/garfield-hospital.html;  The Age, November 29, 1933, see hereThe Argus, July 25, 1935, see here; The Argus, July 15, 1936, see here.
(18) The Argus, October 13, 1936, see here.
(19) See my Trove list.
(20) Shire of Berwick Rate books, various articles in my Trove list and the Electoral Rolls on Ancestry.com.
(21) The Age, January 10, 1947, see here; Black Rock House: built for Charles Ebden in 1852, Sandringham Historical Series, No.2, published by City of Sandringham, March 1983.
(22) A Colonial Beau Brummell built Black Rock House by John Hetherington, The Age, October 19, 1963. p. 22. The article said the Nuttings purchased the property in 1943 and lived in part of the old house for a while but now lived in a modern house on the property. The Age article was accessed on Newspapers.com, an Ancestry.com add-on.
(23) The house has a Friends Group - https://www.blackrockhouse.org.au/
(24) Time to Stop Developer by Peter Smark, The Age, August 14, 1973, p. 2. Accessed on Newspapers.com, an Ancestry.com add-on.
(25) Time to Stop Developer by Peter Smark, The Age, August 14, 1973, p. 2. Accessed on Newspapers.com, an Ancestry.com add-on.
(26) Black Rock House: built for Charles Ebden in 1852, Sandringham Historical Series, No.2, published by City of Sandringham, March 1983.
(27) Springvale Botanical Cemetery website, here.


This article, which I researched and wrote, was first posted on my work blog Casey Cardinia Links to Our Past blog.