This is a potted history of Koo Wee Rup, using the name as the acrostic.
K is for Koo Wee Rup - the name of the town and the Swamp. Koo Wee Rup is Aboriginal for “blackfish swimming”. The railway station at Koo Wee Rup was named Yallock when it opened in 1890 and it was renamed Koo Wee Rup in 1892. There has always been a bit of an issue as to how you spell Koo Wee Rup. It could be Koo wee rup, Koo Wee Rup, Kooweerup, KooWeeRup, Koo-wee-rup or Koo-Wee-Rup. On my Birth Certificate it has the town spelt as both Koo-Wee-Rup and Kooweerup and various documents from my time at the High School in the 1970s has the name spelt as Koo-wee-rup, Kooweerup and KooWeeRup, so even Government organizations were having a bet both ways. VicNames - the Register of Geographic Names lists it as Koo Wee Rup. You can access their website here https://maps.land.vic.gov.au/lassi/VicnamesUI.jsp See also, here.
O is for Oil and Petrol, sold at garages. The first garage in Koo Wee Rup, was Mills and Davey, who were agents for Dodge Cars. They began advertising their up-to-date motor garage in the Koo Wee Rup Sun from January 1924. As well as having the Dodge Agency, Mills and Davey were also Agents for Triumph and Harley Davidson Motor Cycles. The building is still there, it’s the yellow building in Station Street. Dusting’s garage (now the Vet surgery in Rossiter Road) was built around 1926 and owned by Robert Dusting from around 1930. In September 1932, Dusting announced in the Koo Wee Rup Sun that he had secured the Ford Dealership for Koo Wee Rup and Districts. Light’s garage was built for Thomas Burton and opened in February 1939. The Koo Wee Rup Sun described it as a new modern, commodious motor garage with up-to-date machinery and electric light.
Mills & Davey Garage at Koo Wee Rup
Koo Wee Rup Swamp Historical Society photograph
O is for Overseas Communication and by this we mean the Amalgamated Wireless (Australia) Ltd Wireless Experimentation Radio Station which was erected off Sims Lane in 1921. It operated until 1922. This Station confirmed that direct and efficient communication between Great Britain and Australia was feasible. Radio communications, at this time, were sent and received by a series of relays. Wireless signals sent from Britain had already been received directly in Australia as early as 1918, as European Stations could be heard at certain times in Australia. These transmissions are affected by weather and especially sun activity. The experiments at Koo Wee Rup used a heterodyne type receiver, with six stages of radio frequency amplication and two stages of audio frequency amplication. The research showed that wireless signals could be received over long periods each day from New York, Rome, England, Paris and Germany and were consistent enough to prove that direct wireless communication was both practical and reliable between Australia and Britain. See also, here and here.
The A.W.A Radio Station at Koo Wee Rup
W is for Water - as early as 1918 there was agitation for a water supply scheme in Koo Wee Rup and this issue came up periodically with the Koo Wee Rup Progress Association, however it wasn’t until 1929 that the Koo Wee Rup Water Works Trust was formed. Later that year the State Rivers and Water Supply Commission (SRWSC) approved the plans for a water scheme and applications for tenders for the work were advertised in June. The tenders were for the construction of Head works, including an elevated reinforced concrete tank (the water tower that is still there) and settling basin - tender price was £4985.00 which included the construction of the water tower, the laying of pipes, the pumping machinery. How did the Scheme work? Water was obtained from the Bunyip Canal (Main Drain) and was pumped into a concrete settling basin of 160,000 gallons (one gallon is about 4.5 litres) having passed through a filtration process. It was then pumped into a 90-foot (about 27 metres) tower which had an 83,000-gallon capacity. The water was then distributed around the town. See also, here.
E is for Education - there have been five primary schools called Koo Wee Rup and ironically the original Koo Wee Rup State School, No.2629, was actually called Yallock, until 1903 when it was changed to Koo Wee Rup. The Cora Lynn State School, No. 3502, was known as Koo Wee Rup Central when it opened in January 1907 and changed its named to Cora Lynn in September of that year. The Modella State School, No.3456, was known as Koo Wee Rup East when it opened in January 1904. The Koo Wee Rup North State School, No.3198, at Five Mile, was initially called Koo Wee Rup South when it opened in July 1894. Finally, the Iona State School, No. 3201, was originally known as Koo Wee Rup North.
E is for Eternal Rest - or Cemeteries. The Koo Wee Rup Swamp doesn’t have a cemetery, I presume because it was too wet and swampy, so residents of the Koo Wee Rup Swamp could be buried at Pakenham, Cranbourne, Lang Lang or Bunyip depending on what area of the Swamp they lived. The earliest cemetery was the Cranbourne Cemetery - the site for the Cemetery was reserved on December 11, 1857. William and Annabella Lyall are both buried at Cranbourne - they were the owners of Harewood house on the South Gippsland Highway which they built from 1857. A report of the content of his will says that William Lyall ‘directs that his body be buried in the allotment set apart on his property as a private burying ground and that as little expense as possible be gone to in connection with his funeral’. It doesn’t appear that his wishes were adhered to in the matter of the burial as he has a substantial grave at Cranbourne. Also buried at Cranbourne is Charles Rossiter, the source of the name Rossiter Road. See also, here.
The site for the Pakenham Cemetery was reserved on February 13, 1865 although it is believed that the first burials actually took place in the 1850s. The owner of the Royal Hotel at Koo Wee Rup, Denis McNamara, was buried at Pakenham after his death on July 27, 1925. Mr McNamara had started a business in Koo Wee Rup in 1891, then left the area and returned in 1904 when he purchased O’Riordans store and in 1915 built the Royal Hotel. His funeral was described as one of ‘the largest in the district, representative of every class and creed’. The Bunyip Cemetery site was officially reserved on November 22, 1886. This cemetery was used by folk living on the eastern end of the Koo Wee Rup Swamp such as Cora Lynn and Iona. The first official burials did not take place until eight years after the Cemetery was officially gazetted with the first one in March 1894. Of the first 20 burials in the register, 19 were children. Lang Lang Cemetery site was reserved on December 5, 1887. Christopher Moody, the source of name Moody Street is buried at Lang Lang. In 1890, Mr Moody owned the site of the Koo Wee Rup township and sub-divided the land between Rossiter Road and the Main Drain and Denham’s Road and the Highway. Very little of the land was sold due to the 1890s depression. The sub-division set out Moody, Gardner (called Koo Wee Rup Street by Moody), Henry (called Christopher Street by Moody) and Salmon Streets.
The Bunyip River from a 1940s postcard.
R is for River - the Bunyip River or the main drain of the Koo Wee Rup Swamp. It was William Thwaites of the Public Works Department who came up with the scheme to drain the Koo Wee Rup Swamp by the creation of the main drain from south of Bunyip where the Bunyip River entered the Swamp to Western Port Bay. Work started in 1889 and finished in 1893. Over the years, many more drains were dug or enlarged. The maintenance schedule from the SR & WSC, that we have at the Historical Society, lists 136 different drains, with a total length 465 km.
U is for Unions - the union between a man and a woman in Holy Matrimony commonly known as weddings. I don’t know when the first marriage took place in the town, it was probably officiated by a visiting minister in a private house. The first church building in the town was the Presbyterian Church where the first service was held in 1896 and the first Catholic Church was built in 1902. The Anglican Church was built in 1917 and the Methodist Church (now Uniting) was moved from Yallock to Rossiter Road in 1932. Reports of engagement parties, kitchen teas and weddings were the mainstays of local papers for decades and photographs began appearing in the 1960s in the Koo Wee Rup Sun. Early reports listed all the gifts received and they all had descriptions of the dress, bridesmaid’s dresses, the ‘going away’ outfit and what the mother of the bride and mother of the groom wore.
P is for Potatoes which have been grown on the Koo Wee Rup Swamp, since it was drained. The western end of the Koo Wee Rup Swamp was said to have produced 3000 tons of potatoes in 1894, just one year after the blocks were allocated to settlers. By the 1920s, the area was producing one quarter of Victorian potatoes. Potatoes have also been instrumental in the establishment of local Railway lines. It was recognized from the start that potato traffic would be a mainstay of the Strzelecki line from Koo Wee Rup to Bayles, Catani and beyond which opened in 1922. The importance of the potato was celebrated by the Annual Potato Festival which took place from 1973 to 2000. It was a major fundraiser for the Koo Wee Rup Hospital.
Frank Rouse (My Dad) grew potatoes on the Koo Wee Rup Swamp at Cora Lynn for 57 years, until his retirement from the potato business in 2007. This photograph was taken in 1968 for a fertiliser company.
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